National Socialist company cell organization

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The National Socialist Company Cell Organization (NSBO) was a company-related form of organization of the NSDAP .

history

From 1927 onwards, at the suggestion of Johannes Engel , who later became a member of the Reichstag, NSDAP members formed company groups, primarily in large Berlin companies, based on the model of the company-related organizational structure of the revolutionary trade union opposition of the KPD . The NSBO ​​was formed from these groups in 1928 and on January 15, 1931, it was declared the National Works Cell Department of the NSDAP . The offensive membership recruitment, including the use of propaganda and violence, took place under the catchphrase “Into the companies” and its abbreviation “Hib”.

By the end of the year, the membership had grown to around 300,000, while the Free and Christian Trade Unions still had well over 5 million members. Overall, the NSBO ​​had little success among the workers organized so far. Only in a few regions where it supported spectacular strikes , such as the strike at the Berliner Verkehrsgesellschaft in 1932 , did the propaganda representation achieve greater success. However, due to their comparatively low membership figures, the NSBO ​​associations never achieved tariff capability, and tariff policy was not part of their field of activity. Although the party leadership of the NSBO ​​did not allow union work, the members were increasingly involved in union activities such as participating in works council elections or organizing wage strikes . Various historians such as Hans-Ulrich Wehler therefore recognize it as a union . Since the contributions raised by the members were not sufficient to support the participants in strikes financially, they were supported by donations or specially set up strike funds of the NSDAP, such as the Gau Süd-Hannover-Braunschweig had already set up in the summer of 1931. Not only party members of the NSDAP benefited from these payments, but also NSBO ​​members who were not in the party, the so-called sympathizers. Party members who joined the NSBO ​​during a strike received no support.

The NSBO ​​gained importance throughout the Reich on May 2, 1933, when they became the "carrier of the campaign ... to occupy the union houses". To this end, an action committee was formed to protect German work , in which the NSBO ​​was represented by Reinhold Muchow and which was headed by Robert Ley , who at that time was still head of the NSDAP's political organization. A few days after the trade unions were banned in Germany on May 2, 1933, the German Labor Front (DAF) was founded. The hope of its members that the NSBO ​​would now become the "core of a party-bound unified union" was not fulfilled: In future, its function was limited to ideological training in the factories. With the murder of Gregor Strasser and other members of the organization in 1934, the influence of the NSBO ​​was further reduced. In 1935 the NSBO ​​were dissolved in favor of the DAF.

During the membership ban of the NSDAP from May 1, 1933, NSBO ​​members continued to be accepted into the party. In this respect the organization of the Hitler Youth, SA and SS was on an equal footing.

literature

  • Reinhard Giersch: National Socialist Company Cell Organization (NSBO) 1930 (1931) –1934 (1935). In: Dieter Fricke et al. (Ed.): Lexicon for the history of parties. The bourgeois and petty bourgeois parties and associations in Germany (1789–1945). Volume 3: General Association of German Employees' Unions - Reich and Free Conservative Party. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1985, pp. 454–459.
  • Volker Kratzenberg: Workers on the Way to Hitler? The National Socialist Company Cell Organization. Its origins, its program, its failure 1927–1934 (= social science studies. 4). Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1987, ISBN 3-8204-8984-3 (at the same time: Gießen, Universität, Dissertation, 1985).
  • Reinhard Kühnl : The National Socialist Left. 1925–1930 (= Marburg treatises on political science. 6, ISSN  0542-6480 ). Hain, Meisenheim am Glan 1966.
  • Helmut Lensing: The National Socialist Company Cell Organization and the Nazi seizure of power in the county of Bentheim. In: Bentheim Yearbook. 1993 = The Bentheimer Land. Vol. 125, ISSN  0720-5481 , pp. 167-194.
  • Gunther Mai : The National Socialist Company Cell Organization. On the relationship between workers and National Socialism. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte . Vol. 31, No. 4, 1983, pp. 573-613, ( digital version (PDF; 7.87 MB) ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helga Grebing : Workers' Movement and Fascism. Essen 1990.
  2. ^ Between national community and class struggle. The National Socialist Company Cell Organization ( Memento of the original from August 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. pdf @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.agrexive.de
  3. ↑ Christian Striefler, Struggle for Power. Communists and National Socialists at the end of the Weimar Republic , Propylaen, Berlin 1993, pp. 152–155
  4. ↑ Hans-Ulrich Wehler, Deutsche Gesellschaftgeschichte , Vol. 4: From the beginning of the First World War to the founding of the two German states 1914-1949 CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2003, p. 306
  5. ↑ Hans-Ulrich Thamer , Seduction and Violence. Germany 1933-1945 . Siedler Verlag, Berlin 1994, p. 174
  6. ^ Gunther Mai, The National Socialist Company Cell Organization. On the relationship between workers and National Socialism , in: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 31 (1983), pp. 587-589 ( PDF )
  7. ↑ Wolfgang Benz , Hermann Graml , Hermann Weiß (eds.), Encyclopedia of National Socialism , 3rd edition, Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1997, p. 600 f.
  8. ^ German Historical Museum