Chinese Communist Party Congress

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Since the IX. In 1969 the congress was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.

The Party Congress of the Communist Party of China (CCP) ( Chinese  中国 共产党 全国 代表 大会 , Pinyin Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndánng Quánguó Dàibiào Dàhuì ) takes place every five years and is convened by the Central Committee (ZK) of the CCP. If the Central Committee considers it necessary or if more than a third of all organizations at the provincial level demand it, it can be convened in advance. The CCP Congress has the following functions and powers:

  1. Hearing and examining the reports of the Central Committee and its Discipline Control Commission;
  2. Discussion and decision about important questions of the party;
  3. Revision of the party statute;
  4. Election of the Central Committee and its Discipline Inspection Commission.

Party congresses

The First Party Congress took place in Shanghai in 1921 with 13 delegates representing over 50 members. The Second Party Congress in 1922, at which 12 delegates represented 195 members, decided the establishment of socialism and communism as the maximum program and adopted the first party statute. At the Fifth Party Congress in 1927, 80 delegates represented 57,967 members. After that, because of disputes with the Kuomintang, no more party conferences could be held in China. The VI. Congress took place in Moscow in 1928. It was not until 1945 that the Seventh Party Congress was held in Yan'an . On it, Mao Zedong was recognized as the party leader and Maoism was declared to be the guiding principle of the CCP alongside Marxism-Leninism .

Party congresses since the founding of the PRC (1949)

The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 . The following congresses have taken place since then:

In 1956 the 8th Party Congress took place, at which 1026 delegates represented 10,730,000 members. He set the guidelines for party work in the new China . Numerous delegations from foreign communist and workers' parties took part in this congress . The CPSU delegation was headed by Anastas Hovhannessi Mikojan , that of the SED by Walter Ulbricht .

From April 1st to April 24th 1969 the IX. Party convention . In the Great Hall of the People , the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was declared over.

A total of 1,512 delegates attended the party congress. For the first time the representatives of the Red Guards were present. In the new party statutes issued on the occasion, Mao Tsetung [Mao Zedong] was set as the party chairman and Lin Biao as his deputy.

The Xth Party Congress in 1973 continued the “ultra-left” line. 28 million members were represented by 1249 delegates. "The delegates of the party members from the ranks of the workers, peasants and soldiers made up 67 percent of the total delegates and the women over 20 percent."

On the XI. At the 1977 party congress , over 35 million members were represented by 1,510 delegates. “Of the delegates, 72.4 percent were workers, peasants, soldiers and other working people, 6.7 percent were revolutionary intellectuals, and 20.9 percent were revolutionary cadres. 19 percent were female party members, 9.3 percent party members from national minorities and 73.8 percent middle-aged and younger. ”At the first party conference after Mao Zedong's death, the gang of four was condemned, and Hua Guofeng was confirmed as the new party leader (chairman of the Central Committee) Deng Xiaoping was finally rehabilitated through his election as deputy chairman of the Central Committee. (In 1981, Hua Guofeng had to resign as chairman of the Central Committee; Hu Yaobang was his successor .)

In 1982 the XII. The main task of the party congress established the economic reform and opening-up policy aimed at since 1978 . The 39 million members were represented by 1,545 delegates. Hu Yaobang was given the post of General Secretary of the Central Committee , who was previously the Chairman of the Central Committee .

In 1987 the XIII. Congress at which delegates represented 46 million members in 1936, the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics . Zhao Ziyang was elected as the new General Secretary of the Central Committee. (In 1989 he was deposed because of his moderate position in relation to the democracy movement ; Jiang Zemin was elected as his successor .)

In 1992 the XIV Party Congress took place. In 1989 delegates represented more than 51 million members on it. Jiang Zemin was confirmed in office. A socialist market economy was set as the goal of economic reform .

1997, on the XV. Congress , 2048 delegates represented 58 million members. Jiang Zemin was re-elected. The Deng Xiaoping theory was declared to be the guiding principle of the party alongside Marxism-Leninism and the Maocedong ideas.

In 2002 the XVI. Party conference , the first in the third millennium. 2120 delegates represented 66 million party members. Jiang Zemin no longer ran for the office of General Secretary of the Central Committee; Hu Jintao was his successor . The party congress decided that by 2020 GDP should quadruple compared to 2000. The theory of triple representation was declared to be the guiding principle of the party alongside Marxism-Leninism, the Maocedong ideas and the Deng-Xiaoping theory.

On the XVII. 2007 party congress represented 2220 delegates over 73 million members. Hu Jintao was sustained in office.

The XVIII. The party conference was opened on November 8, 2012 by Hu Jintao in Beijing. At the end of the week-long party conference, a change in leadership was approved by the 2,300 delegates - Vice President Xi Jinping replaced Hu at the top of the party.

Documents

The speeches of Mao Zedong at the Seventh Party Congress are contained in Volume III of the Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Verlag für Fremdsprachige Literatur, Beijing 1969).

  • Liu Schau-chi : About the party. Presentation on the amendment of the party statutes at the VIIth Congress of the Communist Party of China in May 1945. Dietz Verlag Berlin 1954.
  • Zhou Enlai: About the united front. Speech at the 7th Congress of the Communist Party of China. (in: Selected writings. Volume I. Publishing house for foreign language literature, Beijing 1981)
  • The 8th Congress of the Communist Party of China. Documents. (three volumes) publishing house for foreign language literature, Beijing 1956.
  • Documents of the IX. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Foreign Language Literature Publishing House, Beijing 1969.
  • The 10th Congress of the Communist Party of China. Documents. Foreign Language Literature Publishing House, Beijing 1973.
  • The XI. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Documents. Foreign Language Literature Publishing House, Beijing 1977.
  • The XII. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Documents. Foreign Language Literature Publishing House, Beijing 1982.
  • XIII. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Materials. Dietz Verlag Berlin 1987. ISBN 3-320-01227-4
  • Jiang Zemin: Report on the XV. Chinese Communist Party Congress. (in: Peking Rundschau , issue 40/1997)
  • Documents of the XVI. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Foreign Language Literature Publishing House, Beijing 2002.
  • Documents of the XVII. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Foreign Language Literature Publishing House, Beijing 2007.

Web links

Sources and Notes

  1. ↑ Statute of the Communist Party of China , Chapter III , Articles 18 and 19
  2. ↑ cf. Zhou Enlai : About the VI. Party congress. (in: Selected Writings. Volume I )
  3. ↑ cf. The Chinese problem after the IX. CCP Congress. March 1970, published in the Parallel History Project .
  4. ↑ Roter Morgen , April 69 issue, page 1 ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mao-projekt.de
  5. ↑ Günter Ackermann: MLPD slips revisionist writing into Communist Parties ( memento of the original from January 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2.1 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kommunisten-online.de
  6. ^ The Xth Congress of the Communist Party of China. Documents. Page 87
  7. ↑ The XI. Chinese Communist Party Congress. Documents. Page 227
  8. ↑ Party conference in Beijing: China's communists begin power transfer at zeit.de, November 8, 2012 (accessed November 8, 2012).