Gobi Gurwan Saichan National Park
| Gobi Gurwan Saichan National Park | |||
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| Location: | Ömnö-Gobi , Mongolia | ||
| Surface: | 27,000 km² | ||
| Founding: | 1993 | ||
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The Gobi Gurwan Saichan National Park ( Mongolian Говь гурван сайхан байгалийн цогцолбор газар ) is located in southern Mongolia in the province of Ömnö-Gobi-Aimag near the city of Dalandsadgad . The name can be translated as "the three beauties of the Gobi " and refers to the three mountain ranges Zuun Saichan, Dund Saichan and Baruun Saichan. With a total area of almost 27,000 km², it is more than twice the size of Yellowstone National Park and is the largest national park in Mongolia .
Landscape and vegetation
The landscape is shaped by the mountain ranges of the Gobi-Altai . Above all in the east of the park there are rugged mountains, otherwise the area is primarily dominated by the semi-desert-like foothills of the Gobi. The sand dunes are particularly striking, of which the Khongoryn Els are the largest. They belong to the largest dunes in all of Mongolia. The last forest-like formations of the southern Gobi-Altai can also be found in Dsuun Saichan. On the northern slopes at an altitude of 2,500 m there are Sade tree forests, the edges of which are surrounded by other types of shrub. The Saxaul trees in the national park are in great demand as a source of firewood and are therefore threatened ; due to their heavy use, they are only around 1.5 m high on average. In addition, there are some smaller trees made up of willow and birch trees.
fauna
Gobi Gurwan Saichan National Park is home to abundant wildlife. Siberian ibex, goiter gazelles and Mongolian gazelles occur in relatively large, stable populations. The Siberian ibex colonize the rocky mountain slopes, the Mongolian gazelles prefer the eastern areas of the park. They are sometimes still found in large herds of several thousand heads. The rare Argalis are found mainly on grassy slopes or semi-desert-like mountain feet. They seem to be becoming less and less common due to competition with pets. Half donkeys are rarely sighted and seem to be in the park mainly seasonally.
The extremely rare wild camels and gobi bears occasionally invade the western areas of the reserve from other parts of the Gobi. In the far west of the park, on the marshes along the Dsulganain River, wild boars can be found. The national park also offers a home for larger predators. Snow leopards are found in the mountains , while wolves are found throughout the park area. Przewalski's wild horses and elk were exterminated in the area of the national park during the 20th century.
Pets are only allowed to graze in the less strictly protected peripheral areas. This is prohibited in the core zones. In 1996 over 200,000 pets grazed in the national park area.
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- Donald J. Bedunah and Sabine M. Schmidt: Rangelands of Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Conservation Park, Mongolia. Rangelands, Vol. 22, No. 4 (Aug., 2000), pp. 18-24. Published by: Allen Press and Society for Range Management.
- Bernd Steinhauer-Burkart: Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park. Nature guide No. 1, Eco Nature Edition. ISBN 3-935803-01-X .