Nepenthes vieillardii
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Nepenthes vieillardii |
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Nepenthes Vieillardii is a carnivorous plant from the family of pitcher plants plants (Nepenthaceae). It can only be found in New Caledonia .
description
Nepenthes vieillardii grows creeping or climbing and forms branched stems up to 8 m long. The leaf blades are linear or elongated, up to 35 cm long and 8 cm wide, the tip blunt or rounded and the base of the blade narrowed, sometimes a bit stalk-like. The color of the blade can be green, dark green or purple, newly developed leaves can be light orange-red and gradually turn green with age. Stems, tendrils, and mid-ribs are green, yellow, or occasionally orange or red. Most parts of fully developed plants can be densely covered with soft, short, white hairs.
The pitchers show a clear dimorphism . The up to 17 cm long and 6 cm wide lower pitchers are egg-shaped and swollen at the base, sometimes almost spherical. Towards the top they become cylindrical to somewhat funnel-shaped. They have protruding fringed wing strips up to 18 mm wide. The upper pitchers vary greatly in their appearance, they are funnel-shaped or bell-shaped, usually somewhat bulbous and slightly constricted in the middle. They are up to 21 cm high and 5 cm wide. The peristome is cylindrical, shiny, up to 5 mm wide with 0.3 mm high ribs 0.4 mm apart. The ribs may also not be recognizable. The peristome is of uniform width, only towards the lid it becomes a little narrower, there is often a gap of a few millimeters here. The lid is approximately round, occasionally egg-shaped or elliptical, up to 5 cm long and 5 cm wide and without appendages.
The flowers are in panicles , the flower stalks are up to 10 cm long , the main axis ( rachis ) up to 25 cm long. The individual flowers with elongated to somewhat circular, up to 5 mm long tepals stand on up to 6 mm long, strong stems. The fruits are 8 to 20 mm long, the seeds generally 9 mm long.
ecology
Eggs and larvae of the mosquito genus Tripteroides were found in the pitchers of Nepenthes vieillardii .
distribution
Nepenthes vieillardii can only be found in New Caledonia . It grows there in shrubbery or forests by flowing waters at altitudes between 30 and 800 meters. Usually the stocks are small, isolated populations.
Systematics and risk
Nepenthes vieillardii was first described by Joseph Dalton Hooker around 1873 . The scientific species name honors the French naturalist Eugène Vieillard (1819-1896) who traveled to New Caledonia in 1862 and was one of the first naturalists to observe this species in detail. The species was at times subdivided into four varieties , which are now all grouped together. The populations on New Guinea, long counted as a species, were first described in 1997 as a separate species ( Nepenthes lamii ).
Nepenthes vieillardii is listed in Appendix II of the Washington Convention on Endangered Species . According to the IUCN , the species is common in large parts of New Caledonia. The population is very large and Nepenthes vieillardii is also found in areas where disturbances can occur. In addition, there currently does not seem to be any significant threats, so the species is classified as Least Concern (LC).
proof
- ↑ a b c d e Nepenthes vieillardii at Caryophyllales.org after SA McPherson: Pitcher Plants of the Old World 2. 2009. ( Online )
- ↑ a b c K. Kurata, Tanguy Jaffré, Hiroaki Setoguchi: Variation of pitcher morphology within Nepenthes vieillardii Hook. f. (Nepenthaceae) in New Caledonia. 2004 in: Acta Phytotax. Geobot , 55 (3), pp 181-197. ( Online )
- ↑ Mandayam OT Iyengar: Eggs of two species of Tripteroides Giles from New Caledonia (Diptera: Culicidae). In: Australian Journal of Entomology. Vol. 8, No. 2, 1969, ISSN 1326-6756 , pp. 214-216, doi : 10.1111 / j.1440-6055.1969.tb00761.x .
- ^ A b Matthew Jebb, Martin Cheek: A Skeletal Revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). In: Blumea. Vol. 42, 1997, ISSN 0006-5196 , pp. 1–106, here p. 90, ( digital version (PDF; 8.82 MB) ).
- ↑ IUCN
further reading
- Peter Jones, Mark Wilson: A Field Trip to New Caledonia. In: Carnivorous Plant Newsletter. Vol. 16, No. 3, 1987, ISSN 0190-9215 , pp. 74-82, ( Online; (PDF; 2.1 MB) ).
- Kaoruko Kurata, Tanguy Jaffré, Hiroaki Setoguchi: Genetic diversity and geographical structure of the pitcher plant Nepenthes vieillardii in New Caledonia: A chloroplast DNA haplotype analysis. In: American Journal of Botany. Vol. 95, No. 12, 2008, ISSN 0002-9122 , pp. 1632-1644, doi : 10.3732 / ajb.0800129 .
