New Mill (Schwerin)

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The new mill near Schwerin (Neumühl) was a watermill at the southern end of the Neumühler lake named after it . A first documentary mention dates from 1357 (MUB 8379), a second from 1362 (MUB 9075). In the first three centuries of its existence it was a grain mill , at the beginning of the 17th century a fulling mill , then a grain mill again. After a fire in 1902, it was not rebuilt.

Location and surroundings

As early as 1298 it was forbidden to build other nearby mills in addition to the Count's Inner Mill and the Bishop's Mill. These had to be at least a mile , around 7.5 km away, so that the New Mill was in front of the city wall, which was later built around 1400.

The water mill with its three overshot water wheels was supplied with good water conditions all year round by a heaped dam with a dam . The construction technology of the mill dams was already known to the Schwerin citizens, z. B. through the Bischofsmühle on Pfaffenteich .

The Neumühler See could be dammed up to three meters, which at the time could also serve for city defense. The dam improved the road connection to Wittenförden . It was about the same distance from the then northeast Schwerin, the southeast Görries and the northwest Wittenförden (Wittenborch / Wittenvorde).

The open water flowed through the Mühlenbach, the " Nuddelbach " (Nuddelbachtal), into the Ostorfer See . In Görries the "Nyen Molen" was called "de Turower Moel" in the Middle Ages.

The Neue Mühle gave its name to the elongated, narrow, mesotrophic lake and today's Schwerin district of Neumühle .

history

The date of construction is unknown, but is around the middle of the 14th century.

As a grain-grinding watermill, the Neue Mühle was only favorable for the village of Lankow , according to historical traditions the Neumühler Mühle is said to have been of little importance for the Schwerin people. In the 17th century, the mill was operated with three overshot driven water wheels. It had three grinding courses and one barley course. It was used to grind grain and extract oil until 1818. Then the tailors' guild converted it into a fulling mill , with which cloth materials were felted - this made the mill gain importance again.

Around the year 1850, when the owner and operator of the mill AE Havemann took over the building in which he had a fatal accident in 1856. In 1888 the “new mill near Schwerin” was bought by the city, and around 1890 it was the only mill in the city still powered by water wheels. In 1895 the Neumühler Mühle was taken over by Otto Linow. In 1891 the earth gallery windmill and the Dutch windmill - Janssen mills , one with four and the other with five wind blades, were located near Neumühle. The Janssen mill factory on Schwerin Wittenburger Chaussee burned down in June 1914.

In 1902 the Neumühler watermill burned down completely together with a nearby barn and was not rebuilt. The windmill, which was rebuilt by 1913, was sold for demolition in the same year because it was unprofitable. This period is generally referred to as the decline of the mills in Schwerin, which were driven by both water and wind power.

literature

  • Hans Beltz: The Schwerin grain mills from the beginning to the present . In: Mecklenburgische Jahrbücher . tape 96 , 1932, pp. 85-134 ( document server of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Library [accessed on June 4, 2016]).
  • City Archives Schwerin - Sixth Appendix Subject Register Schwerin Printed on November 18, 1910, p. 5
  • City Archives Schwerin Information History Rühberg / Kunze Th. Helms Schweriner Volkszeitung D 38/85 5000 (1527) II-16-8, p. 5
  • Chronology in numbers SVZ June 8, 2010 Neue Mühle 1357 first mentioned
  • Udo Brinker: Chronicle of the city of Schwerin. From the beginning to the present. [Self-published] produktionsbüro Tinus, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-2-4 , pp. 15, 158.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mecklenburg record book . Stiller'sche Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin 1886, Volume XIV, 1356-1360, pp. 182-183 ( online in the Internet Archive ).
    Quotation: 1357, Aug. 15: "... vnde eren right-hand names the courtyard to Ostorpe with the zee vnde de Nygen molen in front of Zwerin vnde dre leste haringhers, ..."
  2. ↑ Mecklenburg record book . Stiller'sche Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin 1890, XV. Volume, 1360-1365, p. 229 ( online in the Internet Archive ).
    Quotation: 1362, July 17: "... vnd lathen em in desme breue to eneme right brůkelken pande de Nyen Molen vor Zwerin vnd dre leste haringhers, dese ligghen to den dorpen bi deme see to Zwerin vnd dese vormer to Zwerin vnd to Wittenborch ..."

Coordinates: 53 ° 37 ′ 26.7 ″  N , 11 ° 21 ′ 35.6 ″  E