New World (Vienna)

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The New World on a map from 1872. Lainzer Strasse runs along Lainzerbach, and today's Hietzinger Hauptstrasse at the upper edge of the cut.
Newspaper advertisement for the opening of Schwenders Neuer Welt on May 20, 1861

As a "New World" was in Vienna one from 1861 to 1882 operated entertainment establishment in today's 13th district, Hietzing , referred to the thousands of visitors attracted at events. It was located between today's traffic arteries Lainzer Straße and Hietzinger Hauptstraße (at that time St. Veiter Straße) not far from the historic center of Alt-Hietzing . In 1883 the area was parceled out and built with villas, and in 1892 it was incorporated into Vienna.

Carl Schwender (1809–1866), who at the same time ran a similar business, “Schwenders Coliseum” in the Vienna suburb of Braunhirschen , had acquired the former estate at an auction from the bankruptcy estate of Heinrich von Pereira (1773–1835). It was a park-like area with a castle, dance floor, carpet beds, restaurant, Alhambra (wooden structure in a Moorish style), summer variety show, coffee house, English garden, fireworks area, arena (for 1000 spectators) and orchestra pavilions for Johann Strauss (son) and his brothers who performed here regularly. A contemporary engraving shows the following inscriptions at the entrance decorated with flags: New World. Sunday, Thursday festival. Park establishment. Variety. Theatre. Daily theater performance.

After Carl Schwender's death, his son of the same name continued the business. He had to struggle with the economic crisis in the wake of the Vienna World Exhibition in 1873 , in which the turnover of entertainment businesses fell sharply. After Schwender Juniors death in 1876, his widow Anna (married to Johann Silberbauer for the second time) tried to keep the business going; however, the sales development stood in the way.

The area later housed villas by the architects Josef Frank and Oskar Wlach ( House Beer , Wenzgasse 12), Carl Witzmann (Eitelbergergasse 9; Villa Kosmak, Elßlergasse 8), and Adolf Loos (Haus Reitler, Elßlergasse 9), a villa owned by the textile manufacturer Bernhard Altmann (Kopfgasse 1), whose sister-in-law Maria Altmann obtained the restitution of Egon Schiele's paintings sixty years after the end of the war , and the Hietzingen Synagogue that was destroyed in 1938 (Arch. Arthur Grünberger , Neue-Welt-Gasse 7 / Eitelbergergasse 22). The composer Franz Schmidt and the State Opera director Franz Schalk lived at Elßlergasse 26 . The last residence of Federal President Thomas Klestil, who died in 2004, was in Wenzgasse . Adolf Krischanitz 's Jewish-Russian kindergarten (Neue Welt-Gasse), which opened in 1994, is very recent .

In the immediate vicinity of the former "New World" area were the Blaimschein Villa (Wenzgasse 2), where Karl Renner prepared the rebuilding of Austria in April 1945 (today the residence of the Iranian Embassy) and Adolf Loos ', among experts, the Scheu house ( Larochegasse 3). The high school in Wenzgasse (architects Siegfried Theiss and Hans Jaksch ) is well known.

After the end of the entertainment establishment, a villa on the site (Lainzer Straße 2) was named "New World", which was built in 1884 and no longer exists today. In 1894 an alley laid out in the district was officially named New World Alley ; it still exists today.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gibs: Hietzing between yesterday and tomorrow , p. 37.
  2. ↑ Without reference to the source and date in: Gibs: Hietzing between yesterday and tomorrow , p. 207.
  3. ↑ Bob Martens: Reconstruction: “New World Synagogue” in the Eitelbergergase (Vienna) - In: david.juden.at , accessed on July 2, 2016.
  4. ^ Jewish-Russian kindergarten New World. In: arch INFORM .
  5. ^ Gibs: Hietzing between yesterday and tomorrow , p. 47.

Coordinates: 48 ° 11 ′ 9.7 "  N , 16 ° 17 ′ 44.3"  E