New Israelitischer Friedhof (Munich)

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entrance

The New Israelite Cemetery in Munich is located in the Schwabing district .

history

After it became apparent in the 1880s that the capacity of the Old Israelite Cemetery was no longer sufficient, the New Israelite Cemetery was planned by Hans Grässel from 1904 and opened in 1908 after the old facility was closed.

During the National Socialist rule, the Protestant married couple Karl and Katharina Schörghofer managed the cemetery and lived there with their children. Not only were gravestones and cult objects hidden from the authorities by the family, but also seven Jews. Two of them were discovered and deported, the other five escaped. One of those who had escaped was later hidden again by the Schörghofers, this time until the end of the war. The Schörghofer couple and their children were honored for their commitment as Righteous Among the Nations .

After years of disregard and misuse for growing vegetables, the cemetery was renovated in the late 1940s, again from 1989.

investment

Cemetery building from the south

The cemetery with over five hectares is designed in the manner of a forest cemetery. It is surrounded by a wall about 2.5 meters high. At the entrance to the east is the square gatehouse, further to the west are the funeral hall and morgue. The cemetery is designed for around 10,000 graves; there are currently around 7,500 graves. One memorial commemorates the victims of persecution during the National Socialist dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, another one to those who died in the First World War .

Graves of famous people

  • Lehmann Bernheimer (1841–1918), art dealer, builder of the Bernheimer-Palais
  • Leo Brauner (1898–1974), botanist and director of the Munich Botanical Garden
  • Kurt Eisner (1867-1919), socialist German politician, Bavarian Prime Minister
  • David Heinemann (1819–1902), painter, art expert and gallery owner ( Galerie Heinemann with four branches)
  • Hans Lamm (1913–1985), Head of Department at the Munich Adult Education Center, President of the Munich Jewish Community
  • Gustav Landauer (1870-1919), German writer and theoretician of anarchism
  • Kurt Landauer (1884–1961), President and posthumously Honorary President of FC Bayern Munich
  • Johanna Lenz (1915–2010), German art historian
  • Eugen Leviné (1883–1919), revolutionary and KPD politician
  • Max Mannheimer (1920–2016), Holocaust survivor
  • Karl Neumeyer (1869–1941), German legal scholar
  • Abi Ofarim (1937–2018), dancer, singer, guitarist, music producer and choreographer
  • Joseph Schülein (1854–1938), brewery owner and benefactor for (old) Haidhausen
  • Simon Snopkowski (1925–2001), Chief Physician, President of the Israelite Religious Community in Bavaria
  • Julius Spanier (1880–1959), pediatrician, senator, president of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde
  • Hans Borchardt (painter) (1865–1917), painter

Others

As is generally the case in Jewish cemeteries, it is common for men and married women to wear a hat.

literature

  • Lioba Betten - Thomas Multhaup: The Munich Cemeteries - Guide to Places of Remembrance , MünchenVerlag, Munich 2019, ISBN 978-3-7630-4056-8 , pp. 138–141
  • Karl W. Schubsky: Jewish cemeteries. In: Wolfram Selig: Synagogues and Jewish cemeteries in Munich. Aries, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-920041-34-8 , pp. 149-188.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Benedikt Weyerer: Munich 1933–1949. City tours on political history . Buchendorfer, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-927984-40-X , p. 265.
  2. ^ Benedikt Weyerer: Munich 1933–1949. City tours on political history . Buchendorfer, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-927984-40-X , p. 264 f.
  3. ^ Benedikt Weyerer: Munich 1933–1949. City tours on political history . Buchendorfer, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-927984-40-X , p. 264.

Web links

Commons : New Israelite Cemetery Munich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 53.3 "  N , 11 ° 36 ′ 13.5"  E