Neumarkt (Osnabrück)
| Neumarkt | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 The Neumarkt 2014: Demolition of the tunnel |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Osnabrück |
| District | Downtown |
| Confluent streets | Neuer Graben, Grosse Strasse, Johannisstrasse, Wittekindstrasse |
| Buildings | District court Osnabrück , Wöhrl department store, tile house , hasehouse |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrians , cyclists , road traffic , public transport |
| Space design | Traffic area, bus hub |
The Neumarkt is a central square in the Lower Saxony city of Osnabrück . It is located in the city center on the border between the medieval old town and the new town, which was also built in the Middle Ages, and represents an important traffic junction.
location
The Neumarkt as the central square of the Osnabrück inner city district expands in an east-west direction between the old town in the north and the new town in the south. In a westerly direction, the street Neuer Graben connects , on which, among other things, the Osnabrück Castle and Ledenhof are located. From the north, the Große Straße, used as a pedestrian zone, runs from the old town to the square. Johannisstrasse, which runs into Neustadt, is the southern continuation of Grosse Strasse . On the east side, Wittekindstrasse leaves the square in the direction of Berliner Platz and crosses the Hase here .
Development
The development of the square has changed dramatically in recent years. The Café Coppenrath, which was once located on the northeast side of the square and was built in the 1960s, had to give way to the Hasehaus in 2013. Here in October 2014 the rabbit house, which has sloping eye facades, was opened. The Neumarktpassage running centrally under the Neumarkt, which was used as a pedestrian tunnel and shopping arcade, was completely removed after the closure.
On the northwest side in the transition to Wittekindstrasse is the Galeria department store, the Neumarkt pharmacy spanning the Hase and the sports department store Sportarena, which is currently giving way to a new hotel. The north side of the square is built up in small parts and a new building is to be built on an open area in the near future.
The southeast side is lined with the closed Wöhrl department store (formerly Hertie) and the tiled store.
To the south is the Osnabrück Regional Court.
history
Middle Ages to World War II
In earlier times the old gate , a city gate of the old town, was located at today's Neumarkt. In the course of the incorporation of the new town in 1306 and its embankment , this town gate was omitted. From the year 1287 the Augustinian monastery Osnabrück , which had previously been in Bissendorf , settled on the square . After the Reformation in Osnabrück, the last four monks left the monastery in 1544. In 1628, Bishop Franz Wilhelm opened a Jesuit college in the east of today's Neumarkt, right next to the city fortifications that ran there at the time . The Kollegienwall is named after this today.
In 1751 the chapel of the Augustinian monastery was demolished and the crucifixion group of the monastery chapel was taken to the small church at the cathedral. Instead of the chapel, Johann Conrad Schlaun built a penitentiary the following year. In 1875 this had to give way to the new building of the regional court . Between 1866 and 1913 weekly markets were held regularly on the Neumarkt, which is why the square bears its current name. The memorial to those who fell in the Franco-German War was erected on Neumarkt in 1880 and moved to Straßburger Platz in the Westerberg district in 1928 .
On the evening of the state elections in Prussia on March 5, 1933 , flags were burned on the square by National Socialists . These flags, mainly from associations of the democratic left, had previously been fetched from the Schinkel and Sonnenhügel and were considered symbols of the Weimar Republic. In 1936 the first traffic lights in Osnabrück were installed on Neumarkt. During the Nazi era , the square was renamed Adolf-Hitler-Platz .
post war period
Originally, the development on the street Große Straße / Johannisstraße formed the western border of the square; there was only a narrow passage towards the Neuer Graben. After the destruction of the Second World War , the square was expanded to the west to its present extent. The Neue Graben and Wittekindstrasse were expanded into a multi-lane west-east axis for motor vehicle traffic in the 1950s in accordance with the concept of the car-friendly city .
On December 14, 1964, a pedestrian underpass, the Neumarkttunnel , was opened under the square. As a result, pedestrians were to be separated from vehicle traffic and could only cross the square underground. During the construction work for the Neumarkt tunnel, the construction site was flooded with torrential rain on May 27, 1964 by a thunderstorm. On November 26, 1977 an extension of the tunnel was put into operation.
21st century
From 2001 the Neumarkt could again be crossed above ground via a newly established pedestrian ford. The passage was modernized and rebuilt in 2005, but was no longer continuously accessible and the shops in the tunnel were partially empty due to the reduced number of pedestrians. Due to structural defects and high operating costs, the western part of the tunnel was closed in April 2011 and the eastern part as well in 2012. On July 10, 2012, the council decided to demolish and backfill the structure.
In 2013 and 2014, the demolition of the Neumarkt-Passage was implemented in several construction phases. At the same time, the Hasehaus office and commercial building was built on the east side of the square .
- Pictures of the tunnel demolition work
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The road width was reduced from two to one lane in each direction in the course of the construction work. This created an open space opposite the regional court, which was already used for events such as the Christmas market or the May week .
traffic
Local public transport
From 1906 the two tram lines Hauptbahnhof - Neumarkt - Lotter Straße and Hasetor - Neumarkt - Johannistor (Rosenplatz) met at Neumarkt. Later it was the transfer point for the two tram lines 2 Haste - Neumarkt - Schölerberg and 3 Schinkel (Schützenstraße) - Neumarkt - Martiniplatz (Heinrich-Lübke-Platz).
Today the Neumarkt is the central bus hub for the city of Osnabrück and the surrounding communities. In addition to the city bus lines, which are operated by the Osnabrück municipal utility , there are lines to the neighboring municipalities , which are maintained by various bus companies of the Osnabrück Transport Association . Regionalverkehr Münsterland provides bus transport to neighboring Westphalian municipalities .
Intermittent closures for motorized vehicles
In recent years the Neumarkt has been closed and reopened three times to motorized private transport.
The first closure of the Neumarkt: From June 2, 2014 to February 17, 2016, the Neumarkt was closed to cars and trucks due to the demolition of the Neumarkt tunnel. After the blocking period, the square was reopened from February 17, 2016 to July 18, 2016. The reason for the opening was an administrative court action brought by a resident of Osnabrück, as the construction site was idle during this time and the reason for blocking was no longer applicable.
The second closure: This was between July 18 and October 18, 2016, which occurred due to canal construction work on Neumarkt and Wittekindstrasse. After this closure, Neumarkt was again open to cars and trucks from October 16, 2016 to October 13, 2017.
The third closure: The third closure of the Neumarkt took place on October 13, 2017 and lasted until February 2, 2018. In May 2017, a majority in the city council of the city of Osnabrück voted in favor of de-dedicating the Neumarkt to public transport. Because of several pending lawsuits against the council decision, it was only implemented after an administrative decision, which took place in September.
The third closure had to be reversed after the Lüneburg Higher Administrative Court ruled on January 25, 2018 that the closure was not allowed. Neumarkt was reopened to normal traffic on February 2, 2018. The Neumarkt must now remain open until the legality has been finally clarified.
Web links
literature
- Christian Kämmerer: Monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Osnabrück 32nd 1986, ISBN 978-3827182500 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sebastian Stricker: Osnabrück: Diggers nibble on Café Coppenrath. In: New Osnabrück Newspaper . July 22, 2013, accessed February 22, 2020 .
- ↑ Joachim Dierks: In 1986 the Hertie department store in Osnabrück came to an end. In: New Osnabrück Newspaper . May 22, 2017, accessed February 22, 2020 .
- ↑ Ludwig Hoffmeyer, Ludwig Bäte, Heinrich Koch: Chronicle of the city of Osnabrück . 4th edition. Meinders and Elstermann, Osnabrück 1982, ISBN 3-88926-004-7 , p. 173-176 .
- ↑ a b Information on street naming in the official city map of Osnabrück
- ^ Ludwig Hoffmeyer (author), Frank Henrichvark (contributor): Chronicle of the city of Osnabrück . 6th edition. Meinders and Elstermann, Osnabrück 1995, ISBN 3-88926-006-3 , p. 537 .
- ↑ Why the “ Rubik's Cube” in Osnabrück is based on old times , noz.de, May 14, 2020.
- ^ Hauke Haubrock: "Osnabrücker Platz- und Straßeennamen during the time of National Socialism". In: Osnabrück Bunker Worlds. April 20, 2012, accessed February 22, 2020 .
- ↑ When Osnabrück wanted to be a "car- friendly city" , noz.de, March 23, 2016, accessed on May 14, 2020.
- ↑ Videos "The Neumarkt then and now". City of Osnabrück, February 26, 2016, accessed on February 22, 2020 (City of Osnabrück website on the former Neumarkt tunnel).
- ↑ Frank Henrichvark: When the chickens drowned in the barn. In: New Osnabrück Newspaper . September 5, 2010, accessed February 22, 2020 .
- ↑ City of Osnabrück wants to fill the Neumarkttunnel , noz.de, January 20, 2012, accessed on May 14, 2020.
- ↑ Osnabrück Council unanimously resolves: close the Neumarkttunnel , noz.de, July 12, 2012, accessed on May 14, 2020.
- ↑ Wilfried Hinrichs: Will Neumarkt be closed for two years from mid-2019? In: New Osnabrück Newspaper . November 29, 2018, accessed February 22, 2020 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 16 '22.1 " N , 8 ° 2' 53.3" E