Neuropeptide Y
| Neuropeptide Y | ||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| Structure according to PDB 1RON | ||
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 36 amino acids; 4.27 kDa | |
| Precursor | (97 aa; 10.8 kDa) | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | NPY ; PYY4 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Vertebrates | |
| Orthologue | ||
| human | mouse | |
| Entrez | 4852 | 109648 |
| Ensemble | ENSG00000122585 | ENSMUSG00000029819 |
| UniProt | P01303 | P57774 |
| Refseq (mRNA) | NM_000905 | NM_023456 |
| Refseq (protein) | NP_000896 | NP_075945 |
| Gene locus | Chr 7: 24.29 - 24.3 Mb | Chr 6: 49.75 - 49.76 Mb |
| PubMed search | 4852 |
109648
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The neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neuropeptide consisting of 36 amino acids , which occurs particularly in the brain and on noradrenergic neurons of the peripheral nervous system . This peptide is physiologically involved in the central nervous control of hunger and anxiety, the presynaptic regulation of neurotransmitters, the control of epileptic convulsions, the contraction of blood vessels, the release of insulin and the control of motility in the gastrointestinal tract . In addition, a tissue hormone-like effect on the immune system could be demonstrated for neuropeptide Y.
Neuropeptide Y mediates its effects via at least 6 different G protein-coupled receptors : Y 1 - Y 6 . In addition to its physiological effects, neuropeptide Y is likely also involved in the pathogenesis of obesity , atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases. The neuropeptide Y has structural similarities to the peptide YY and to the pancreatic polypeptide . In humans, it is found on chromosome 7 .
In December 2011, a research group at the Max Planck Institute in Heidelberg published the results of a study on mice, according to which intensive maternal care promotes the development of the neuropeptide in infants during the first few weeks of life. In adulthood, they are better able to deal with stress and anxiety.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bernhard Kleine, Winfried Rossmanith: Hormone and hormone system - textbook of endocrinology . 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Springer Spectrum, Berlin / Heidelberg 2014, ISBN 978-3-642-37091-5 , p. 117 .
- ↑ Focus: Early Childhood Characteristics: Mother's Love Determines Stress Tolerance , December 8, 2011.