Low-flying reporting and control service

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The low-flying reporting and control service ( TMLD ) is a meanwhile dissolved facility of the air force of the German armed forces .

history

The first units were set up for airspace observation (LRB) from 1959 . The task of the LRB was described as “ monitoring the airspace from the ground with the help of human sensory organs for the purpose of perceiving, recognizing, identifying and reporting aircraft. ".

In the course of a restructuring, the low-level aircraft reporting service ( TMD ) was set up. When it was set up, the personnel were recruited from the telecommunications regiments previously responsible for the LRB, 32 in the south and 33 in the north of the Federal Republic. The primary task of the TMD was to record low-flying aircraft. The TMD consisted of a total of 8 companies, each of which maintained several positions around the clock in peacetime along the inner-German border and the border with Czechoslovakia , so-called permanent positions (DEST). The partial air situation recorded in the DEST was summarized in the initially manually operated low-flying reporting center at the company location and made available from there to the NATO air surveillance system via the relevant Control and Reporting Center .

In 1962 the companies were assigned to NATO . From 1971 the companies of the TMD received mobile radar devices for low-flying detection . The mobile radar device MPDR 30/1 ( pulse Doppler radar mounted on the 5t gl truck by MAN ), manufactured by Siemens AG , had a range of 30 kilometers, later there was a version with a range of 45 kilometers. The MPDR also had a friend-foe recognition system with which flying objects could be classified and identified. After equipping the TMD with automatic low-flying reporting centers, the TMD was also able to a limited extent to directly control aircraft. Therefore, the name was changed to Low-level Detection and Control Service (TMLD).

On December 14, 1990, the Tiefliegermelde- u. Control service of the Federal Air Force released from its mandate as a result of the collapse of the Warsaw Pact , as it had lost its military function. The air surveillance system had become obsolete by the end of the Cold War . The now almost 40 years old, but still operational radar stations were handed over to Turkey and Pakistan , which are using them at their borders. The rest was scrapped.

Sigmar Gabriel was also a soldier in the TMLD. At the beginning of the 1980s, he did his two-year military service in the 16th company in Telecommunications Regiment 33 of the low-level aircraft reporting and control service in Goslar.

construction

The Air Force had two low-level aircraft reporting departments with a total of 2,000 soldiers. Each department consisted of three companies and covered the area of ​​an Allied Tactical Air Fleet. The tasks were:

  • Radar monitoring of the airspace between the ground and 3,000 meters for locating, tracking and identifying flight targets
  • Creation of the low-level air situation for the air defense command
  • Advance warning and target briefing for the anti-aircraft missile systems HAWK and NIKE
  • Exchange of air target information with the army air defense
  • Advance warning of the civil protection of the population
  • Support of own aircraft in navigation.

The low-level aircraft reporting service integrated itself into NATO's air defense concept and closed the detection gap at low altitudes. Due to its high mobility, it was more adaptable and less vulnerable than a fixed installation.

Companies

The following locations were connected in the TMLD along the inner-German border and that to the CSSR :

DEST

Each company had four permanently assigned peace positions along what was then the eastern border of the Federal Republic of Germany, which were intended for the continuous use of a radar device, hence the name Dauereinsatzstellung (DEST). Initially, a DEST consisted of an area fenced off with barbed wire with a radar device, 2 to 3 power generating sets, tents as accommodation, lounge and kitchen as well as vehicles for personnel and material transport. Later, the positions were expanded and received permanent accommodation, setting options for the aerial vehicle (low-flying warning radar MPDR 30/1 on a MAN truck 630 L2AE, later the MPDR 45/1), the evaluation and operator vehicle (box vehicle on a MAN truck 630 L2A) and the generators (on a 1.5 t trailer).

The peacekeeping location of the TMLZ (low-level aircraft reporting and control center) was in a restricted zone in the troop accommodation of the respective company.

The staff in the DEST and in the head office worked in shifts of 3 or (over the weekend) 4 days. However, not all 4 DESTs of a company were operated at the same time.

In a conflict, the DEST would have been given up and the TMLD from previously explored deployment positions would have been used in a bar for mobile use.

Each company had 4 DEST and one TMLZ. The Frankenwald barracks in Naila had z. B. the following positions (the first name in brackets):

Goslar had the following positions:

  • Goslar ( Chicken Farm ): Seat of the TMLZ
  • Schalke ( Charlie 1 )
  • Pöhlde ( Charlie 2 )
  • Mackenröder top (near Göttingen) ( Charlie 3 )
  • High Meissner ( Charlie 4 )

Rotenburg was structured as follows:

  • Rotenburg an der Fulda ( Gipsy Rose ): Seat of the TMLZ
  • Schenklengsfeld-Hilmes / Landecker Berg ( Delta 1 )
  • Oberelsbach / Heidelstein ( Delta 2 )
  • Bad Königshofen-Eyershausen / Lahnberg ( Delta 3 )
  • Coburg / Brandensteinsebene, today Bausenberger Höhe ( Delta 4 )

Burglengenfeld had the following structure:

  • Burglengenfeld ( Angel Face ): Seat of the TMLZ
  • Furth im Wald / Dachsriegel ( Fox 1 )
  • Kirchdorf im Wald / Eschenberg ( Fox 2 )
  • Philippsreut / Sulzberg ( Fox 3 )
  • Passau / Fürstenzell ( Fox 4 )

Faßberg built on:

Uetersen consisted of:

  • Uetersen ( Sugar Girl ): Seat of the TMLZ
  • Krusendorf ( Alpha 1 )
  • Marxdorf ( Alpha 2 )
  • Parin ( Alpha 3 )
  • Niendorf ( Alpha 4 )

TMLZ and CRC

In each of the six company barracks, there was a low-flying reporting and control center (TMLZ). The data obtained by the DEST came together in this and was evaluated. The TMLZ was also a DEST in a certain sense, but only a box vehicle was housed here in a garage and acted as the headquarters. In the event of a crisis, both the DEST and the TMLZ could be relocated within a few hours.

The data was forwarded from the TMLZ to the associated Control and Reporting Center (CRC). The data was bundled and evaluated in these bunkered air force combat control systems. CRC were for example in Uedem , Visselhövede , Glons (Belgium), Brekendorf , Erndtebrück and Lauda .

swell

  1. ↑ Traditional association LRB-TMLD "Eye Ear" ( Memento from August 10, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ The TMLD permanent deployment Pariner Berg ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Report from the meeting of the "Old Guard" 2001 (GZ from April 9, 2001) ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ NATO Integrated Air Defense System
  5. ↑ USAFE TACS NATO Ground Environment Operational Units
  6. ↑ USAFE TACS NATO Ground Environment Systems

Web links