Ngwavuma (river)

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Ngwavuma
Ingwavuma, Nggwayuma, Inguavuma, Ingwovuma, Nggwavuma
The catchment area of ​​the Maputo with the Ngwavuma (lower center)

The catchment area of ​​the Maputo with the Ngwavuma (lower center)

Data
location South AfricaSouth Africa South Africa Swaziland
SwazilandSwaziland 
River system Maputo
Drain over Pongola  → Maputo  → Indian Ocean
source Confluence of several source rivers near Sandleni in the Shiselweni region
27 ° 2 ′ 8 ″  S , 31 ° 23 ′ 54 ″  E
Source height 620  m
muzzle In Umkhanyakude , South Africa , in the Pongola coordinates: 26 ° 57 ′ 37 "  S , 32 ° 17 ′ 46"  E, 26 ° 57 ′ 37 "  S , 32 ° 17 ′ 46"  E
Mouth height 34  m
Height difference 586 m

Catchment area 2130 km²
Outflow
A Eo : 2130 km²
at the mouth 		MQ
Mq
 		6 m³ / s
2.8 l / (s km²)
View from Border Cave over the Ngwavuma River

View from Border Cave over the Ngwavuma River

The Ngwavuma is a river in Swaziland and in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa . It is one of the five largest rivers in Swaziland.

Surname

There are numerous different spellings for the name of the river: Inguavuma , Ingwavuma , Ingwovuma , Nggwavuma (Google also: Nggwayuma). The name probably refers to the name of the bush Elaeodendron transvaalense in the Zulu language, the bark of which is also used as a fever drug. An alternative explanation is an onomatopoeic word that describes the thunder of waters in a canyon. A place on the lower reaches of South Africa, Ingwavuma , is also named after the river.

course

The river arises at Sandleni in the Shiselweni region from the confluence of numerous source streams (near the MR10 , which follows the course of the river valley). Some of them still extend a long way north into the Mtsambama area ( ⊙ ). While there is savanna-like vegetation on the ridges in the area , small-scale but intensive agriculture is practiced along the river valleys. The river initially meanders strongly to the south and receives numerous tributaries from the east and west. It takes up the Muweni River and the Ngwede River at Hosea before being crossed by the MR12 , and from then on turns more strongly to the east. It runs on the southern slope of Lobati , where it also takes up the mantambe ( ⊙ ). Then it crosses a plain, runs more north and is crossed by the MR21 road in the inkhundla Sigwe . Soon after, the river crosses into the Lubombo region and reaches Nsoko , where intensive water is diverted for artificial irrigation. Then he breaks through the Lubombo Mountains and crosses the border to KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. In the lowlands it turns again more strongly to the north, runs a bit parallel to the Pongola , into which it flows southeast of Ndumo from the northwest and to the left.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Managing Freshwater Ecosystems of International Water Resources - The Case of the Maputo River in Mozambique
  2. ^ [1] United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
  3. ↑ Swaziland . In: Olcay Ünver (Ed.): The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges . Earthscan for World Water Assessment Program, UNESCO, London 2009, ISBN 978-1-84407-840-0 , p.  9 .
  4. ↑ geographic.org

Web links