Niemeyer's card

Département de la Ruhr, Arrondissement de Dortmund, Canton de Bochum. Carte spéciale de la Partie Moyen [n] e du Discrict des Mines du Bailliage de Bochum, sheet XIV

Legend, 1791

The Niemeyersche map , also known as the French Carte speciale des mines , is the first comprehensive map series of the Brandenburg mining area . All mines from the 18th century in the Brandenburg mountain area (eastern Ruhr area ) with their tunnels and shafts are shown on the map . It is hardly available in the original, but in a French copy.

history

In 1784 the head of the Brandenburg mountain district, Freiherr vom Stein , drove the area. In order to get an overview of the condition of all mines, he had them listed and logged. Von Stein wanted to find out how the deposits could be better exploited. Johann Christoph Müller's existing mine map was not extensive and detailed enough.

In order to get a comprehensive set of maps of the Brandenburg mining area, Stein commissioned the Harz- based surveyor Johann Friedrich Conrad Niemeyer (1759–1814) to draw up a mining map of the Brandenburg mining area. Niemeyer worked at the Oberbergamt Wetter , which was housed in the Wetter Castle. Niemeyer began creating the map series in 1787 and completed it in 1794.

The map was drawn in great detail between 1811 and 1813 under Napoleon Bonaparte . The holdings at the Münster State Archives include 185 sheets on a scale of 1: 6640, which cover an area of 850 square kilometers. The sheets were published by Schlungs, Bureau Topog [raphi] que du G [ran] d Duché de Berg. For this reason, this card also bears the French name "Carte speciale des mines" or "Carte speciale des Mines du District de Wetter". The name was misspelled Niemayer here. The Ruhr department existed from 1806 to 1813. Some sheets of the original Niemeyer map series still exist in the North Rhine- Westphalia State Archives , Westphalia department in Münster.

The Prussian State Archives also have the "Map of the Ruhr area from Linden to Steele ", which was made in 1819 by HAG Schmitz for training purposes, presumably as a drawing of the Niemeyer map.

Johann Ehrenfried Honigmann (1775–1855) worked under Niemeyer as a surveyor at the Oberbergamt Wetter. As a scaled-down composition of the contents of the Niemeyer's maps, he produced the “Charte of the coal seams in the Grafschaft Marck” on a scale of 1: 20,000. The 1.70 m by 0.85 m map is originally in the German Mining Museum .

Structure and scope

The Niemeyer map series consists of seven district maps, each with an average of 17 sheets. The map series comprises a total of around 120 sheets. The individual leaves do not have a uniform leaf cut . You can put the sheets of paper on each district card together. An average daily surface of 6.3 km ^{2 is} mapped per leaf . The entire map series covers an area of 756 km ² .

The first maps were initially drawn on a scale of 1: 6666 2/3. This scale resulted from the units feet and laughers (1 Rhineland foot corresponds to 1000 Prussian laughers; 0.3138535 m: 20924 m). In order to standardize the scale of the map series, Niemeyer then created it on a scale of 1: 6640. The cards do not correspond to today's standard cards. With the cards, the sheet cut was not adapted to the cards, but vice versa.

In addition to the surface topographical points, a total of 94 mines were entered on the map: 42 mines from the Wetter judicial district, 35 mines from the Herbede judicial district, 3 mines from the Stiepel judicial district, 5 mines from the Hattingen judicial district and 9 mines from the district of the High Court Schwelm. As far as we know today, the map series has an accuracy of plus / minus ten meters.

The following are also shown:

Country roads and driveways
Mountains and valleys (hatching)
Waters
Buildings (towns, villages, farmsteads, aristocratic residences) including lettering
political boundaries

District maps

The French edition includes:

title	translation	Year (original)	Year (copy)	Number of map sheets (Feuilles)	orientation
Carte spéciale des Mines du District de Wetter	Special map of the mines of the Wetter district	1787	1810	12
Carte spéciale des Mines du District de Blankenstein	Special map of the mines in the Blankenstein district	1788-1789	1811	14th
Carte spéciale d'un Partie du District des Mines de Blankenstein	Special map of part of the mining district of Blankenstein	-	-	9	west
Carte spéciale de la Partie Orientale du District de Hörde	Special map of the eastern part of the Hörde district	1790	1813	22nd
Carte spéciale de la Partie Occidentale du District de Hoerde	Special map of the western part of the Hoerde district	1790	1813	24
Carte spéciale de la Partie Orientale du District des Mines du Baillage de Bochum	Special map of the eastern mining district of the Bochum district	1791	1813	22nd
Carte spéciale de la Partie Moyene du District des Mines du Baillage de Bochum	Special map of the middle mining district of the Bochum district	1792	-	18th
Carte spéciale de la Partie Septentrional du Baillage de Bochum	Special map of the northern area of the Bochum office	1793	1810	20th
Supplement à la Partie Septentrional du Baillage de Bochum	Supplementary map of the northern area of the Bochum office	1793	1810	5

Web links

Commons : Johann Friedrich Conrad Niemeyer - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Territory maps from the years 1791 to 1794 from Niemeyer (Département de la Ruhr) (accessed April 2, 2013)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Kurt Pfläging : Stein's journey through the coal mining industry on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 , pp. 16-19.
^ Klaus Eichholz : Mining historical maps of the county of Mark as unknown sources of local and regional history. In: Märkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte 105, 2005, pp. 148–191.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Joachim Huske : The hard coal mining in the Ruhr area from its beginnings to the year 2000. 2nd edition. Regio-Verlag Peter Voß, Werne 2001, ISBN 3-929158-12-4 , p. 40.
^ Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe: On the trail of the Ruhr mining industry. February 5, 2008.
^ Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe : Register.
^ ^A ^b Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: Schlebuscher mining district in Wetter. Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1983, ISBN 3-922014-05-4 , pp. 20-21.
↑ ^a ^b City of Bochum: district maps from the years 1791 to 1794 by Niemeyer (Département de la Ruhr).
^ City of Bochum: Map of the coal seams in the county of Mark from 1800 by Honigmann.
↑ Kurt Pfläging: The cradle of Ruhr coal mining. 4th edition. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1987, ISBN 3-7739-0490-8 , p. 102.

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Kurt Pfläging : Stein's journey through the coal mining industry on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 , pp. 16-19.

[Quelle_9-2] Klaus Eichholz : Mining historical maps of the county of Mark as unknown sources of local and regional history. In: Märkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte 105, 2005, pp. 148–191.

[Quelle_2-3] Joachim Huske : The hard coal mining in the Ruhr area from its beginnings to the year 2000. 2nd edition. Regio-Verlag Peter Voß, Werne 2001, ISBN 3-929158-12-4 , p. 40.

[Quelle_5-4] Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe: On the trail of the Ruhr mining industry. February 5, 2008.

[Quelle_6-5] Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe : Register.

[Quelle_3-6] A ^b Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: Schlebuscher mining district in Wetter. Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1983, ISBN 3-922014-05-4 , pp. 20-21.

[Quelle_7-7] City of Bochum: district maps from the years 1791 to 1794 by Niemeyer (Département de la Ruhr).

[Quelle_8-8] City of Bochum: Map of the coal seams in the county of Mark from 1800 by Honigmann.

[Quelle_4-9] Kurt Pfläging: The cradle of Ruhr coal mining. 4th edition. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1987, ISBN 3-7739-0490-8 , p. 102.