Nihon Bijutsuin

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The Nihon Bijutsuin ( Japanese 公益 財 団 法人 日本 美術 院 ; English: "Japan Art Academy", literally "Japanese Art Institute") was founded in 1898 as a private training center for art by Okakura Kakuzō . After his death in 1913, the facility was continued from 1914, later reorganized as an archive and exhibition organizer. In this form, the Nihon Bijutsuin is still active today as a non-profit foundation.

history

Okakura Kakuzō, since 1891 director of the state training center for art, Tōkyō bijutsu gakkō (forerunner of the Tokyo University of the Arts ), which had been founded two years earlier , got into a dispute over the direction of the training center after a few years. Finally, in 1898, he submitted his resignation and left. With him, the teachers Hashimoto Gahō , Rokkaku Shisui ( 六角 紫 水 ; 1868–1950), Yokoyama Taikan , Shimomura Kanzan , Terasaki Kōgyō (1866–1919), Kobori Tomoto ( 小 堀 鞆 音 ; 1864–1931), Saigishō .unso , Higishida Kogetsu ( 西 郷 孤 月 ; 1873–1912) and others the school.

Okakura now organized the construction of its own training center in the Yanaka district on Daizen-ji. The painter Ikuo Hirayama (1930–2009) posthumously recorded the entry of the painters into the new school with Okakura on a horse and accompanied by his followers in a picture. After starting work, the school exhibited within the "Nihon gaka kyōkai" ( 日本 画家 協会 ) twice - in spring and in autumn - and in autumn 1900 it was even very successful.

But gradually there were internal disputes: the older painters strove for a slight modernization of the old Japanese perception of art and the old way of painting, the younger ones wanted to break away from traditional painting. Then the money ran out, so that the school in Yanaka had to be abandoned.

Okakura then made his weekend home on the Izura coast (五 浦 海岸 ) in Ibaraki prefecture available in 1905 , where a first group of painters moved in in 1906. Okakura had succeeded Fenollosa at the same time at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and began traveling back and forth between Boston and Japan, so his interest in bijutsuin waned and eventually ceased when he was appointed director of the East Asia division in Boston .

Okakura's death in 1913 brought the end of bijutsuin. In 1914, the facility was revitalized by Yokoyama and Shimura, who were dissatisfied with the annual exhibition organized by the Ministry of Culture, who re-established a training center in Yanaka. In 1920 the Bijutsuin was expanded to include the departments of Japanese sculpture and painting in the western style ( Yōga ). These two departments were given up in 1960, so that the Nihon Bijutsuin devotes itself exclusively to painting in the Japanese style Nihonga , but now only as the organizer of regular exhibitions, "Nihon bijutsu in ten rankai", inten ( 院 展 ) for short .

The centenary was celebrated in 1998 with a large exhibition and accompanied by books on history.

The annual exhibitions - Inten

Currently, the Bijutsuin organizes the spring exhibition annually from the second half of March, which, starting in Tōkyō, is held in a total of eight locations in Japan until the end of July. - The main annual exhibition will follow in autumn, also starting in Tōkyō. It will then be shown in 13 locations in Japan. This exhibition series ends in the first half of April the following year. Smaller pictures will be shown at the spring exhibition and large formats at the autumn exhibition.

Previous participation in exhibitions abroad

Graduates

The following selection is given in a catalog from 1998:

Graduates Nihonga

  • Arai Hirokata ( 荒 井 寛 方 ; 1878–1945)
  • Arai Katsutoshi ( 新 井 勝利 ; 1895–1972)
  • Fudeya Tōkan ( 筆 谷 等 観 ; 1875–1950)
  • Gōkura Senjin ( 郷 倉 千 靱 ; 1892–1975)
  • Hashimoto Eihō ( 橋本 永邦 ; 1886–1944)
  • Hashimoto Gahō ( 橋本 雅邦 ; 1835–1908)
  • Hashimoto Seisui ( 橋本 静水 ; 1976–1943)
  • Hayami Gyoshū ( 速 水 御 舟 ; 1894–1935)
  • Hishida Shunsō ( 菱 田 春草 ; 1874–1911)
  • Imamura Shikō ( 今 村 紫紅 ; 1880-1919)
  • Kajita Hanko ( 梶 田 判 古 ; 1870–1917)
  • Kanō Hōgai ( 狩 野 芳 崖 ; 1828–1888)
  • Katayama Nampū ( 堅 山 南風 ; 1887–1980)
  • Kawabata Gyokushō ( 川端 玉 章 ; 1842–1913)
  • Kawabata Ryūshi ( 川端 龍 子 ; 1858–1966)
  • Kawai Gyokudō ( 川 合 玉堂 ; 1873–1957)
  • Kimura Buzan ( 木村 武 山 ; 1876–1942)
  • Kitano Tsunetomi ( 北野 恒 富 ; 1880–1947)
  • Kitazawa Eigetsu ( 北 澤 映月 ; 1907–1990)
  • Kobayashi Kahaku ( 小林 柯 白 ; 1896–1943)
  • Kobayashi Kokei ( 小林 古 径 ; 1883–1957)
  • Kobori Tomoto ( 小 堀 鞆 ; 1864–1931)
  • Kondō Kōichiro ( 近藤 浩 一郎 ; 1884–1962)
  • Koyama Daigetsu ( 小山 大 月 ; 1891–1946)
  • Kubota Beisen ( 久保 田 米 僊 ; 1852–1906)
  • Maeda Seison ( 前 田 青 邨 ; 1885–1977)
  • Matsumoto Fūko ( 松本 楓 湖 ; 1840–1923)
  • Mizuno Toshikata ( 水 野 年 方 ; 1866–1908)
  • Nagano Sōfū ( 長野 草 風 ; 1885–1949)
  • Nakamura Gakuryō ( 中 村 岳 陵 ; 1890–1969)
  • Nakamura Teii ( 中 村 貞 以 ; 1900–1982)
  • Ōchi Shōkan ( 大智 勝 観 ; 1882–1958)
  • Ogata Gekkō ( 尾形 月 耕 ; 1859-1920)
  • Ogawa Usen ( 小川 芋 銭 ; 1868–1938)
  • Ogura Yuki ( 小 倉 遊 亀 ; 1895–2000)
  • Okumura Togyū ( 奥 村 土 牛 ; 1889–1990)
  • Omoda Seiju ( 小 茂 田 青樹 ; 1891–1933)
  • Ōta Chōu ( 太 田 聴 雨 ; 1896–1958)
  • Saigō Kogetsu ( 西 郷 孤 月 ; 1873–1912)
  • Sakai Sanryō ( 酒井 三郎 ; 1897–1969)
  • Shimomura Kanzan ( 下 村 観 山 ; 1873–1930)
  • Shindō Reimei ( 真 藤 黎明 ; 1897–1978)
  • Tanaka Seibyō ( 田中 青 坪 ; 1903-1994)
  • Terasaki Kōgyō ( 寺 崎 広 業 ; 1866-1919)
  • Tomita Keisen ( 富田 渓 仙 ; 1879–1936)
  • Tomitori Fūdō ( 富 取 風 堂 ; 1892–1983)
  • Tomioka Eisen ( 富 岡 永 洗 ; 1864–1905)
  • Yamada Keichū ( 山田 敬 中 ; 1868–1934)
  • Yamamura Kōka ( 山村 耕 花 ; 1885–1942)
  • Yasuda Yukihiko ( 安 田 靫 彦 ; 1884–1978)
  • Yokoyama Taikan ( 横山 大 観 ; 1868–1958)

Graduates Yōga

Graduates sculptors

  • Fujii Kōyū ( 藤井 造 佑 ; 1882–1958)
  • Hashimoto Heihachi ( 橋本 平 八 ; 1897–1935)
  • Hirakushi Denchū ( 平 櫛 田中 ; 1872–1979)
  • Ishii Tsuruzō ( 石井 鶴 三 ; 1887–1973)
  • Kita Takeshirō ( 喜 多 武 四郎 ; 1897–1970)
  • Maki Masao ( 牧 雅 雄 ; 1888–1935)
  • Miyamoto Jūryō ( 宮本 重 良 ; 1895–1969)
  • Naitō Shin ( 内藤 仲 ; 1882–1967)
  • Nakahara Teijirō ( 中原 悌 二郎 ; 1888–1921)
  • Satō Chōzan ( 佐藤 朝山 ; 1888–1963)
  • Shimomura Kyotoki ( 下 村 清 時 ; 1866–1922)
  • Shinkai Takezō ( 新海 武 蔵 ; 1897–1968)
  • Tobari Kogan ( 戸 張 孤雁 ; 1882–1927)
  • Yamamoto Toyoichi ( 山 本 豊 市 ; 1899–1987)
  • Yasuda Ryūmon ( 保 田 龍門 ; 1891–1965)

Graduates arts and crafts

  • Namekawa Sadakatsu ( 滑 川 貞 勝 ; 1848–?)
  • Niiro Chūnosuke ( 新 納 忠 之 介 ; 1868–1954)
  • Okabe Kakuya ( 岡 部 覚 弥 ; 1873–1918)
  • Rokkaku Shisui ( 六角 紫 水 ; 1867–1950)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Kusana, Natsuko (ed.): Inten 100 nen no meiga . Shogakukan, 1998. ISBN 4-09-606013-5 .
  2. ↑ Tokyo National Museum and Nihon Bijutsuin (Japan Art Institute) (eds.): Kindai Nihon bijutsu no kiseki. Exhibition 1998.

literature

  • Kawakita, Michiaki: Modern Currents in Japanese Arts . Heibonsha Survey of Japanese Art, Volume 24. Weatherhill / Heibonsha, 1974. ISBN 0-8348-1028-X .

Web links

Coordinates: 35 ° 43 ′ 19.7 ″  N , 139 ° 46 ′ 4.2 ″  E