Nikita Michailowitsch Muravjow
Nikita Muravyov ( Russian Никита Михайлович Муравьёв , * July 19 . Jul / 30th July 1796 greg. In St. Petersburg , April † 28 jul. / 10. May 1843 greg. In Urik , Government Irkutsk ) was a Russian Decembrist .
Life
Nikita Michailowitsch Murawjow was the brother of Alexander Murawjow . He was the son of an educator of the Grand Dukes Alexander and Konstantin Pawlowitsch (Senator Mikhail Nikititsch Murawjow), the later regents of Russia and Poland. His mother was born Princess Kolokolzewa.
After upbringing at home, he attended the University of Moscow until February 1812 and worked as a collegiate registrar in the department of the Ministry of Justice there. During the Patriotic War he volunteered for the army and in 1814 was a member of the General Staff of the Guard. In March 1816 he was promoted to lieutenant and was stationed in Moscow from 1817-1818.
In anticipation of major reform projects by Tsar Alexander I, he and other officers of the Guard founded the League of True and Sincere Sons of the Fatherland , later the Rescue League and finally the Welfare Association . Initially oriented towards patriotism, the organization developed into an opposition secret society by 1821, which was divided into the North and South League and went down in history as the Decembrist movement .
Muravyov married Princess Alexandra Chernyshev on February 22nd and was the author of a constitution that was to be read out by the Senate in Saint Petersburg on December 14th, 1825 after a successful coup . But that did not happen because the military uprising was suppressed. Nikita Muravyov was sentenced to Category I for 20 years of forced labor in Siberia with subsequent settlement in Siberia for life. His wife Alexandra Murawjowa followed him into exile and died there in November 1832. She left behind the daughters Elisabeth (born 1824) and Sofia (born 1829).
After completing the forced labor, Nikita Murawjow was resettled in Urik with his daughter Sofia, who was called "Nonuschka" by the Decembrists . There he lived in contact with the Volkonsky family and Mikhail Lunin . He supported the latter in writing opposition papers and died after Lunin's arrest in May 1843.
Nikita Muravyov is considered one of the outstanding figures of the Decembrist movement.
Literature on Nikita M. Muravyov
Joachim Winsmann “Nikita” ISBN 9783745075953 (352 pages), Verlag epubli Berlin (Köhlerbuch); Distribution: Buchhandel.de (see catalog DNB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article Nikita Murawjow in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
Web links
- Biography (russian)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Muravjow, Nikita Michailowitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Муравьёв, Никита Михайлович (Russian spelling) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian Decembrist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 30, 1796 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | St. Petersburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 10, 1843 |
| Place of death | Urik |