Notre-Dame (Dijon)
Notre-Dame de Dijon is a Gothic church in Dijon ( Burgundy , France). Work on the building began in 1230 and finished in 1251.
architecture
Notre-Dame de Dijon is a medium-sized church with a total length of 65 m and a width of 27.30 m at the transept. The central nave reaches a height of 18.50 m.
The unusual west facade shows, above the open narthex , which is fully integrated into the building, two storeys of rows of arcades with three rows of gargoyles (the latter largely renewed in the 19th century), which have a purely decorative function. The facade is flanked by two column-like, round towers that only slightly protrude from the facade.
The deep portal porch extends over two bays and is covered by a six-part vault that continues over six bays in the central nave. The wall elevation of the central nave with arcade , triforium and upper aisle is high Gothic . At the square crossing with the crossing tower , the transept, comprising two bays on each side, crosses.
To the right and left of the entrance to the choir there is a small apse in the transept, in the right one is one of the oldest statues of the Madonna in France, the Notre-Dame de Bon-Espoir from the 11th or 12th century.
The deep choir lacks access and chapels , as is often the case in Burgundy.
Notre-Dame is the architecturally most beautiful, in the dimensions most balanced church in Burgundy in the 13th century. The crossing square - with its crossing tower ( lantern tower ) open to the interior of the church - is the decisive unit that is repeated here in the nave as a series of six-part yokes. The three-part elevation has a wide, open triforium. The walkway in front of the nave windows runs inside the nave and changes to the outside in the chancel, whose buttresses are broken through in this zone.
The nave has six-part vaults, each spanning two yokes, so that the so-called bound system is created, that is, there are two aisle yokes on each nave yoke. The vaults seem to be "clamped" between the tall nave walls. The dissolution of the once closed Romanesque wall surface into a Gothic double-shell wall structure has succeeded here in Dijon in an exemplary balanced manner. This church therefore found approval even in those times when the Gothic was rejected as a barbaric style - as a textbook implementation of the Gothic two-shell structure. The outer wall is largely dissolved into windows. Then there is a narrow layer of space that goes from top to bottom here in Dijon. This spatial layer allows the inner wall in front of it to stand out as a pictorial, plastic support system. The colored glazing largely dates from the 19th century, with the exception of the five window lancets in the north transept, which are originals from the construction period around 1240.
organ
The organ was built in 1895 by the organ builder Jean-Baptiste Ghys. The architect Charles Suisse designed the neo-Gothic organ case . In the 20th century the instrument was expanded several times, especially in 1975 with the addition of a positive . The instrument has 38 registers on three manuals and a pedal . The action is mechanical, reinforced with Barker machines in the Grand Orgue .
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The Jacquemart
The inconspicuous right tower of the west building bears the clock with the jacquemart (bell striker ), which Philip the Bold brought back from Courtrai in Belgium as a trophy for victory in 1382 . Over the centuries a number of others with smaller bells have been added to this figure.
La Chouette
On the left side of the church there is a stone owl on the outer wall (damaged by vandalism in 2001). According to popular belief, if you touch it with your left hand, it fulfills a wish.
literature
- Nicolas-Marie-Joseph Chapuy: Cathédrales françaises. Vues pittoresques de la cathédrale de Dijon . Paris 1829 ( digitized version )
- Bußmann, Klaus: Burgundy . Cologne [1977] 2nd edition 1978. (DuMont Art Travel Guide), pp. 217, 225, figs. 151–153
- Gill, Albrecht: Notre-Dame in Dijon. A building sonographic examination . Diss. University of Freiburg 1996, microfiche edition 1997
Individual evidence
- ↑ More information on the history of the organs ( Memento of the original from November 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ For disposition ( Memento of the original from March 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 19 ′ 21.5 ″ N , 5 ° 2 ′ 29.5 ″ E