Novaya Shizn (1917-1918)

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Novaya Shizn (title head)

Nowaja schisn ( Russian Новая жизнь , scientific transliteration Novaja žizn ' "New Life") was a Menshevik daily which appeared in Russia from 1917 to 1918 .

The newspaper was founded by Maxim Gorky on May 1, 1917 and was close to social democratic writers such as Sukhanov , Bazarov and Avilov and took a moderately internationalist position in the first months of the Russian Revolution , criticizing the coalition's policies. Her position "was closest to the group of Menshevik internationalists under Martov's leadership ".

Gorky published many critical articles in this newspaper, the headings of which illustrate the breadth of his descriptions: "The women's question", "The hunger for culture", "The uprising in Moscow", "The sick empress", "Pogroms and looting", "Relapse Into the Middle Ages "," Lynch Justice "," The New Anti-Semitism "etc.

The Russian historian Dmitri Volkogonov notes:

"When M. Gorky declared that the rule of the Bolsheviks was" a way to anarchy, to the downfall of the proletariat and the revolution ", severe sanctions immediately followed on the part of the victors, who opposed not only the Menshevik newspaper" Novaya shisn ", where Gorky published his appeal »To Democracy«, but directed it against the entire free press. "

Gorky appealed under the heading To Democracy ( Novaya Shizn , No. 174 of November 7 (20) 1917):

"Рабочий класс должен знать, что чудес в действительности не бывает, что его ждет голод, полное расстройство промышленности, разгром транспорта, длительная кровавая анархия, а за нею - не менее кровавая и мрачная реакция. // The working class needs to know that miracles are really not happening, that they are expecting hunger, a total collapse of industry, the defeat of the transport system, continued bloody anarchy and no less bloody and gloomy reactions. "

Lenin - the editor of Pravda (Правда, "truth") - was portrayed as follows:

"Вот куда ведет пролетариат его сегодняшний вождь, и надо понять, что Ленин не всемогущий чародей, а хладнокровный фокусник, не жалеющий ни чести, ни жизни пролетариата.

Рабочие не должны позволять авантюристам и безумцам взваливать на голову пролетариата позорные, бессмысленные и кровавые преступления, за которые расплачиваться будет не Ленин, а сам же пролетариат.

[...] Lenin is not a miracle worker, but a cold-blooded sleight of hand to whom neither the honor nor the life of the proletariat mean anything. The workers should not allow impostors and madmen to commit shameful, senseless and bloody crimes in the name of the proletariat, for which not Lenin but the proletariat itself will be held accountable. (Novaya Shizn, November 7th [20] 1917, No. 174) "

After the newspaper was temporarily closed three times, each lasting around a week, it was finally closed in July 1918.

Gorky's essays from Novaya Shizn, critical of the revolution, from 1917 and 1918 were combined in one volume and also appeared in a book that was banned by the Bolsheviks.

Novaya Shizn (Bolsheviks), 1905

Front page of the Bolshevik newspaper Novaya Shizn (1905)

A short-lived newspaper Novaya Schisn , the first legal Bolshevik newspaper, had already appeared in 1905 (Lenin, Marija Andrejewa ). Various other regional newspapers also bore this name.

See also

References and footnotes

  1. ↑ Novaya Schisn 1917 - Socialist Classics 2.0 (accessed on July 31, 2019)
  2. ↑ D. Volkogonov: Trotsky. edition berolina 2018 ( Instead of an introduction , p. 21.)
  3. ↑ Russian К демократии / K Demokratieii , scientific transliteration K Demokratieii
  4. ↑ quoted from litena.ru: К ДЕМОКРАТИИ «Новая Жизнь» № 174.7 (20) ноября 1917 г.
  5. ↑ quoted from litena.ru: К ДЕМОКРАТИИ «Новая Жизнь» № 174.7 (20) ноября 1917 г.
  6. ^ Translation quoted from Dimitri Wolkogonow : Lenin. Utopia and terror. German translation by Markus Schweisthal, Christian Geisinger, Jana Neik and Christiane Sieg Düsseldorf: Econ, ²1996, p. 176.
  7. ↑ Antiquarian bookshop link (Antiquariat Frank Albrecht, Book No. 347) - accessed on July 31, 2019

literature

  • Gorki, M [axim]: Neswoewremennyja Mysli. Petrograd, Kul'tura i Swoboda, [1918]. Sametki o Revoljuzii i Kul'ture. [Untimely thoughts. Notes on revolution and culture. Text in Russian].
  • Gorkij, Maksim: Untimely Thoughts on Culture and Revolution. Maxim Gorky. Written by Maxim Gorkij in Petrograd a. published in d. "Novaja Žizn" (New Life) newspaper from 1917 to 1918. Ed., Commented a. with e. Nachw. By Bernd Scholz. [From d. Soot. trans. by Bernd Scholz with collabor. by Peter Adam u. Helga Braum] / suhrkamp pocket books; Frankfurt (am Main): Suhrkamp, ​​1974
  • Gorki, Maxim: One Year of the Russian Revolution. Afterword by Paul Nikolaus Cossmann . Special issue of the South German monthly issue . Leipzig u. Munich, October 1918. XVI, 72 pp.

Web links

Nowaja Schisn (alternative names of the lemma)
Novaya Shizn; New life; Новая жизнь; Novaja žizn '; Novaja Zhizn; Novaja zizn; Novaya Zhizn; Novaja Shisn; Novaya Žizn