Nuclide map

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Nuclide map in Segrè representation with color coding of the types of decay

A nuclide map (also isotope map , isotope table ) is a graphic representation of all known nuclides ( types of atoms). It is of similar importance for nuclear physics as the periodic table of the elements is for chemistry .

A nuclide is determined by the number of its protons and neutrons . Therefore, a two-dimensional representation made up of small text fields in which names and important properties are mentioned is recommended. Different arrangements of the fields are possible. In the most used form according to Segrè , the number of protons increases upwards, and that of neutrons increases towards the right.

Nuclide maps each list some properties of the nuclides, such as the mass number , frequency in the natural element, half-life , types of decay and decay energies. Often the nuclides are marked in color according to their decay properties (stable, radioactive, type of decay, half-life order of magnitude). Core isomers can be represented by dividing the respective field into columns.

The Karlsruhe nuclide map is widespread .

Graphical representation

Segrè representation

Types of decay of a radionuclide in the Segrè representation of the nuclide map.
vertical: atomic number Z
horizontal: neutron number N

Different groups of related nuclides can be easily described in the Segrè nuclide map:

  • Isotopes are nuclides with the same atomic number (proton number or atomic number). They are each side by side in a row . They belong to the same chemical element and therefore have very similar chemical properties.
  • Isotons are nuclides with the same number of neutrons. They are each in a column below one another .
  • Isobars are nuclides with the same number of nucleons (mass number, proton number + neutron number). They are each in a diagonal from top left to bottom right .
  • Isodiaphers are nuclides with the same excess of neutrons. They are each in a diagonal from bottom left to top right .

Rotated Segrè representation

Types of decay of a radionuclide in the representation used here.
vertical: neutron number N
horizontal: atomic number Z

The Segrè arrangement is optimized for the landscape format display, as is usual for wall maps or pictures. As a comparatively large diagram, however, the portrait format display on computer monitors in connection with the usual vertical scrolling is cheaper. Therefore, the "bottom left to top right" extending Segrè arrangement here has been rotated by the number of protons ( atomic number of the element) to the right increasing, and the number of neutrons to the bottom is positioned incrementally. The representation is therefore rotated 90 degrees clockwise compared to the Segrè arrangement. The nuclides with the same atomic number (proton number, atomic number) are in columns, the nuclides with the same number of neutrons in rows.

Radioactive decays and nuclear reactions on the nuclide map

Radioactive decay can easily be traced in nuclide maps . In the rotated display selected here:

  • In the event of an alpha decay, the alpha particle carries away two protons and two neutrons, so the daughter nuclide is two columns to the left of the parent nuclide and two lines higher.
  • In the beta-minus decay , a neutron becomes a proton, so the daughter nuclide is one step further up on the right.
  • Conversely, with beta-plus decay and also with electron capture , a proton becomes a neutron, so the daughter nuclide is one step further down to the left.
  • In the case of an isomerism transition , the place does not change.
  • Most nuclear reaction types also correspond to certain changes in the location of the atomic nucleus concerned. For example, an (n, p) reaction moves the nucleus one step down to the left (as in beta-plus decay), an (n, 2n) reaction one step up, and so on.

table

For each isotope, the background color gives an orientation for the half-life . Stable isotopes are marked in black. Clicking on an element symbol in the respective list header links to the list of isotopes with detailed information on each isotope (half-life, decay energy, spin , parity and type (s) of decay or frequency).

Legend

Legend
colour Half-life
Nucl. <10 -10 seconds
Nucl. <1 minute
Nucl. 1 minute to 1 hour
Nucl. 1 hour to 1 day
Nucl. 1 day to 60 days
Nucl. 60 days to 10 years
colour Half-life
Nucl. 10 years to 1,000 years
Nucl. 1,000 years to 100,000 years
Nucl. 100,000 years to 10 million years
Nucl. 10 million to 50 million years
Nucl. primordial nuclide (> 50 million years)
Nucl. stable


Ordinal numbers up to 20

p → 00 01 02 03 04th 05 06th 07th 08th 09 10 11 12 13 14th 15th 16 17th 18th 19th 20th
H Hey Li Be B. C. N O F. No N / A Mg Al Si P S. Cl Ar K Approx
 n  ↓
0 1 H.
1  n 2 H 3 He 4 li
2 3 H 4 He 5 li 6 Be 7 B 8 C
3 4 H 5 He 6 li 7 Be 8 B 9 C 10 N.
4th 6 He 7 li 8 Be 9 B 10 C 11 N. 12 O
5 7 He 8 li 9 Be 10 B 11 C 12 N. 13 O 14 F.
6th 8 He 9 li 10 Be 11 B 12 C 13 N. 14 O 15 F. 16 Ne
7th 10 li 11 Be 12 B 13 C 14 N. 15 O 16 F. 17 Ne 18 Well
8th 11 li 12 Be 13 B 14 C 15 N. 16 O 17 F. 18 Ne 19 Well 20 mg
9 13 Be 14 B 15 C 16 N. 17 O 18 F 19 Ne 20 Well 21 mg 22 Al
10 14 Be 15 B 16 C 17 N. 18 O 19 F 20 Ne 21 Well 22 mg 23 Al 24 Si
11 16 B 17 C 18 N. 19 O 20 F 21 Ne 22 Well 23 mg 24 al 25 Si 26 P
12 17 B 18 C 19 N. 20 O 21 F 22 Ne 23 Well 24 mg 25 Al 26 Si 27 P. 28 p
13 19 C 20 N. 21 O 22 F. 23 Ne 24 Well 25 mg 26 Al 27 Si 28 P 29 p 30 cl
14th 21 N. 22 O 23 F. 24 Ne 25 Well 26 mg 27 Al 28 Si 29 P 30 p 31 cl 32 ares
15th 23 O 24 F. 25 Ne 26 Well 27 mg 28 Al 29 Si 30 p 31 p 32 cl 33 ares 34 K
16 24 O 25 F 26 Ne 27 Well 28 mg 29 Al 30 Si 31 P. 32 p 33 Cl 34 ares 35 K 36 approx
17th 26 F. 27 Ne 28 Well 29 mg 30 al 31 Si 32 P 33 p 34 cl 35 ares 36 K 37 Approx
18th 27 F. 28 Ne 29 Well 30 mg 31 al 32 Si 33 P 34 p 35 cl 36 ares 37 K 38 Approx
19th 29 Ne 30 Well 31 mg 32 Al 33 Si 34 P 35 p 36 cl 37 ares 38 K 39 Approx
20th 30 Ne 31 Well 32 mg 33 Al 34 Si 35 P 36 p 37 Cl 38 ares 39 K 40 approx
21st 32 Well 33 mg 34 al 35 Si 36 P. 37 p 38 Cl 39 ares 40 K 41 Approx
22nd 33 Well 34 mg 35 al 36 Si 37 P 38 p 39 Cl 40 ares 41 K 42 approx
23 35 mg 36 al 37 Si 38 P 39 p 40 cl 41 ares 42 K 43 Approx
24 37 Al 38 Si 39 P 40 p 41 cl 42 ares 43 K 44 Approx
25th 39 Si 40 p 41 p 42 cl 43 ares 44 K 45 approx
26th 41 P 42 p 43 Cl 44 ares 45 K 46 Approx
27 43 p 44 Cl 45 ares 46 K 47 Approx
28 44 p 45 cl 46 ares 47 K 48 approx
29 46 Cl 47 ares 48 K 49 Approx
30th 48 ares 49 K 50 approx
31 50 K 51 Approx
32 51 K 52 Approx


Ordinal numbers 21 to 40

p → 21st 22nd 23 24 25th 26th 27 28 29 30th 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr
 n  ↓
19th 40 Sc 41 Ti
20th 41 Sc 42 Ti 43 V
21st 42 Sc 43 Ti 44 V 45 Cr
22nd 43 Sc 44 Ti 45 V 46 Cr 47 mn
23 44 Sc 45 Ti 46 V 47 Cr 48 mn 49 feet
24 45 Sc 46 Ti 47 V 48 Cr 49 mn 50 feet 51 Co
25th 46 Sc 47 Ti 48 V 49 Cr 50 mn 51 feet 52 Co 53 Ni
26th 47 Sc 48 Ti 49 V 50 Cr 51 mn 52 feet 53 Co 54 Ni 55 Cu
27 48 Sc 49 Ti 50 V 51 Cr 52 mn 53 feet 54 Co 55 Ni 56 Cu 57 notes
28 49 Sc 50 Ti 51 V 52 Cr 53 mn 54 feet 55 Co 56 Ni 57 Cu 58 notes 59 Ga
29 50 Sc 51 Ti 52 V 53 Cr 54 mn 55 feet 56 Co 57 Ni 58 Cu 59 notes 60 Ga 61 Ge
30th 51 Sc 52 Ti 53 V 54 Cr 55 mn 56 feet 57 Co 58 Ni 59 Cu 60 notes 61 Ga 62 Ge
31 52 Sc 53 Ti 54 V 55 Cr 56 mn 57 feet 58 Co 59 Ni 60 Cu 61 no 62 Ga 63 Ge 64 As
32 53 Sc 54 Ti 55 V 56 Cr 57 mn 58 feet 59 Co 60 Ni 61 Cu 62 notes 63 Ga 64 Ge 65 As
33 55 Ti 56 V 57 Cr 58 mn 59 feet 60 Co 61 Ni 62 Cu 63 notes 64 Ga 65 Ge 66 As 67 Se
34 57 V 58 Cr 59 mn 60 feet 61 Co 62 Ni 63 Cu 64 notes 65 Ga 66 Ge 67 As 68 Se
35 59 Cr 60 mn 61 feet 62 Co 63 Ni 64 Cu 65 notes 66 Ga 67 Ge 68 As 69 Se 70 Br
36 60 Cr 61 mn 62 feet 63 Co 64 Ni 65 Cu 66 notes 67 Ga 68 Ge 69 As 70 se 71 Br 72 kr
37 62 mn 63 feet 64 Co 65 Ni 66 Cu 67 notes 68 Ga 69 Ge 70 As 71 Se 72 Br 73 kr 74 Rb
38 63 mn 64 feet 65 Co 66 Ni 67 Cu 68 notes 69 Ga 70 Ge 71 As 72 se 73 Br 74 kr 75 Rb 76 Sr
39 65 feet 66 Co 67 Ni 68 Cu 69 notes 70 Ga 71 Ge 72 As 73 Se 74 Br 75 kr 76 Rb 77 Sr 78 Y
40 66 feet 67 Co 68 Ni 69 Cu 70 notes 71 Ga 72 Ge 73 As 74 Se 75 Br 76 kr 77 Rb 78 Sr 79 Y 80 Zr
41 68 Co 69 Ni 70 Cu 71 notes 72 Ga 73 Ge 74 As 75 se 76 Br 77 kr 78 Rb 79 Sr 80 Y 81 Zr
42 69 Co 70 Ni 71 Cu 72 notes 73 Ga 74 Ge 75 As 76 Se 77 Br 78 kr 79 Rb 80 Sr 81 Y 82 Zr
43 71 Ni 72 Cu 73 notes 74 Ga 75 Ge 76 As 77 Se 78 Br 79 kr 80 Rb 81 Sr 82 Y 83 Zr
44 72 Ni 73 Cu 74 no 75 Ga 76 Ge 77 As 78 Se 79 Br 80 kr 81 Rb 82 Sr 83 Y 84 Zr
45 73 Ni 74 Cu 75 notes 76 Ga 77 Ge 78 As 79 Se 80 Br 81 kr 82 Rb 83 Sr 84 Y 85 Zr
46 74 Ni 75 Cu 76 notes 77 Ga 78 Ge 79 As 80 se 81 Br 82 kr 83 Rb 84 Sr 85 Y 86 Zr
47 76 Cu 77 notes 78 Ga 79 Ge 80 As 81 Se 82 Br 83 kr 84 Rb 85 Sr 86 Y 87 Zr
48 77 Cu 78 notes 79 Ga 80 Ge 81 As 82 Se 83 Br 84 kr 85 Rb 86 Sr 87 Y 88 Zr
49 79 notes 80 Ga 81 Ge 82 As 83 Se 84 Br 85 kr 86 Rb 87 Sr 88 Y 89 Zr
50 80 Zn 81 Ga 82 Ge 83 As 84 Se 85 Br 86 kr 87 Rb 88 Sr 89 Y 90 Zr
51 82 Ga 83 Ge 84 As 85 Se 86 Br 87 kr 88 Rb 89 Sr 90 Y 91 Zr
52 83 Ga 84 Ge 85 As 86 Se 87 Br 88 kr 89 Rb 90 Sr 91 Y 92 zr
53 85 Ge 86 As 87 Se 88 Br 89 kr 90 Rb 91 Sr 92 Y 93 Zr
54 87 As 88 Se 89 Br 90 kr 91 Rb 92 Sr 93 Y 94 Zr
55 89 Se 90 Br 91 kr 92 Rb 93 Sr 94 Y 95 Zr
56 90 se 91 Br 92 kr 93 Rb 94 Sr 95 Y 96 Zr
57 91 Se 92 Br 93 kr 94 Rb 95 Sr 96 Y 97 Zr
58 93 Br 94 kr 95 Rb 96 Sr 97 Y 98 Zr
59 95 kr 96 Rb 97 Sr 98 Y 99 Zr
60 96 kr 97 Rb 98 Sr 99 Y 100 Zr
61 98 Rb 99 Sr 100 Y 101 Zr
62 99 Rb 100 Sr 101 Y 102 Zr
63 101 Sr 102 Y 103 Zr
64 103 Y 104 Zr


Ordinal numbers 41 to 60

p → 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Nb Mon Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag CD In Sn Sb Te I. Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd
 n  ↓
42 83 Nb 84 months
43 84 Nb 85 mo 86 Tc
44 85 Nb 86 months 87 Tc 88 Ru
45 86 Nb 87 Mon 88 Tc 89 Ru 90 Rh
46 87 Nb 88 Mon 89 Tc 90 Ru 91 Rh 92 Pd
47 88 Nb 89 Mon 90 Tc 91 Ru 92 Rh 93 Pd 94 Ag
48 89 Nb 90 months 91 Tc 92 Ru 93 Rh 94 Pd 95 Ag 96 Cd
49 90 Nb 91 Mon 92 Tc 93 Ru 94 Rh 95 Pd 96 Ag 97 Cd 98 in
50 91 Nb 92 Mon 93 Tc 94 Ru 95 Rh 96 Pd 97 Ag 98 Cd 99 in 100 Sn
51 92 Nb 93 months 94 Tc 95 Ru 96 Rh 97 Pd 98 Ag 99 Cd 100 in 101 Sn
52 93 Nb 94 months 95 Tc 96 Ru 97 Rh 98 Pd 99 Ag 100 Cd 101 in 102 Sn
53 94 Nb 95 mo 96 Tc 97 Ru 98 Rh 99 Pd 100 Ag 101 Cd 102 in 103 Sn
54 95 Nb 96 months 97 Tc 98 Ru 99 Rh 100 Pd 101 Ag 102 Cd 103 in 104 Sn 105 Sb
55 96 Nb 97 months 98 Tc 99 Ru 100 Rh 101 Pd 102 Ag 103 Cd 104 in 105 Sn 106 Sb 107 te
56 97 Nb 98 Mon 99 Tc 100 Ru 101 Rh 102 Pd 103 Ag 104 Cd 105 in 106 Sn 107 Sb 108 te
57 98 Nb 99 mo 100 Tc 101 Ru 102 Rh 103 Pd 104 Ag 105 Cd 106 in 107 Sn 108 Sb 109 te
58 99 Nb 100 months 101 Tc 102 Ru 103 Rh 104 Pd 105 Ag 106 Cd 107 in 108 Sn 109 Sb 110 te 111 I.
59 100 Nb 101 months 102 Tc 103 Ru 104 Rh 105 Pd 106 Ag 107 Cd 108 in 109 Sn 110 Sb 111 te 112 I. 113 Xe 114 Cs 115 Ba
60 101 Nb 102 months 103 Tc 104 Ru 105 Rh 106 Pd 107 Ag 108 Cd 109 in 110 Sn 111 Sb 112 te 113 I. 114 Xe 115 Cs
61 102 Nb 103 Mon 104 Tc 105 Ru 106 Rh 107 Pd 108 Ag 109 Cd 110 in 111 Sn 112 Sb 113 te 114 I. 115 Xe 116 Cs
62 103 Nb 104 Mon. 105 Tc 106 Ru 107 Rh 108 Pd 109 Ag 110 Cd 111 in 112 Sn 113 Sb 114 te 115 I. 116 Xe 117 Cs 118 Ba
63 104 Nb 105 months 106 Tc 107 Ru 108 Rh 109 Pd 110 Ag 111 Cd 112 in 113 Sn 114 Sb 115 te 116 I. 117 Xe 118 Cs 119 Ba
64 105 Nb 106 mo 107 Tc 108 Ru 109 Rh 110 Pd 111 Ag 112 Cd 113 in 114 Sn 115 Sb 116 te 117 I. 118 Xe 119 Cs 120 Ba 121 La
65 106 Nb 107 Mon 108 Tc 109 Ru 110 Rh 111 Pd 112 Ag 113 Cd 114 in 115 Sn 116 Sb 117 te 118 I. 119 Xe 120 Cs 121 Ba 122 La 123 Ce
66 107 Nb 108 Mon 109 Tc 110 Ru 111 Rh 112 Pd 113 Ag 114 Cd 115 in 116 Sn 117 Sb 118 te 119 I. 120 Xe 121 Cs 122 Ba 123 La 124 Ce 125 Pr 126 Nd
67 109 Mon 110 Tc 111 Ru 112 Rh 113 Pd 114 Ag 115 Cd 116 in 117 Sn 118 Sb 119 te 120 I. 121 Xe 122 Cs 123 Ba 124 La 125 Ce 126 pr 127 Nd
68 110 months 111 Tc 112 Ru 113 Rh 114 Pd 115 Ag 116 Cd 117 in 118 Sn 119 Sb 120 te 121 I. 122 Xe 123 Cs 124 Ba 125 La 126 Ce 127 Pr 128 Nd
69 112 Tc 113 Ru 114 Rh 115 Pd 116 Ag 117 Cd 118 in 119 Sn 120 Sb 121 te 122 I. 123 Xe 124 Cs 125 Ba 126 La 127 Ce 128 pr 129 Nd
70 113 Tc 114 Ru 115 Rh 116 Pd 117 Ag 118 Cd 119 in 120 Sn 121 Sb 122 te 123 I. 124 Xe 125 Cs 126 Ba 127 La 128 Ce 129 Pr 130 Nd
71 115 Ru 116 Rh 117 Pd 118 Ag 119 Cd 120 in 121 Sn 122 Sb 123 te 124 I. 125 Xe 126 Cs 127 Ba 128 La 129 Ce 130 pr 131 Nd
72 117 Rh 118 Pd 119 Ag 120 Cd 121 in 122 Sn 123 Sb 124 te 125 I. 126 Xe 127 Cs 128 Ba 129 La 130 Ce 131 Pr 132 Nd
73 119 Pd 120 Ag 121 Cd 122 in 123 Sn 124 Sb 125 te 126 I. 127 Xe 128 Cs 129 Ba 130 La 131 Ce 132 pr 133 Nd
74 120 Pd 121 Ag 122 Cd 123 in 124 Sn 125 Sb 126 te 127 I. 128 Xe 129 Cs 130 Ba 131 La 132 Ce 133 Pr 134 Nd
75 122 Ag 123 Cd 124 in 125 Sn 126 Sb 127 te 128 I. 129 Xe 130 Cs 131 Ba 132 La 133 Ce 134 Pr 135 Nd
76 123 Ag 124 Cd 125 in 126 Sn 127 Sb 128 te 129 I. 130 Xe 131 Cs 132 Ba 133 La 134 Ce 135 Pr 136 Nd
77 125 Cd 126 in 127 Sn 128 Sb 129 te 130 I. 131 Xe 132 Cs 133 Ba 134 La 135 Ce 136 pr 137 Nd
78 126 Cd 127 in 128 Sn 129 Sb 130 te 131 I. 132 Xe 133 Cs 134 Ba 135 La 136 Ce 137 Pr 138 Nd
79 127 Cd 128 in 129 Sn 130 Sb 131 te 132 I. 133 Xe 134 Cs 135 Ba 136 La 137 Ce 138 Pr 139 Nd
80 128 Cd 129 in 130 Sn 131 Sb 132 te 133 I. 134 Xe 135 Cs 136 Ba 137 La 138 Ce 139 pr 140 Nd
81 130 in 131 Sn 132 Sb 133 te 134 I. 135 Xe 136 Cs 137 Ba 138 La 139 Ce 140 pr 141 Nd
82 131 in 132 Sn 133 Sb 134 te 135 I. 136 Xe 137 Cs 138 Ba 139 La 140 Ce 141 Pr 142 Nd
83 132 in 133 Sn 134 Sb 135 te 136 I. 137 Xe 138 Cs 139 Ba 140 La 141 Ce 142 pr 143 Nd
84 134 Sn 135 Sb 136 te 137 I. 138 Xe 139 Cs 140 Ba 141 La 142 Ce 143 Pr 144 Nd
85 136 Sb 137 te 138 I. 139 Xe 140 Cs 141 Ba 142 La 143 Ce 144 pr 145 Nd
86 138 te 139 I. 140 Xe 141 Cs 142 Ba 143 La 144 Ce 145 Pr 146 Nd
87 140 I. 141 Xe 142 Cs 143 Ba 144 La 145 Ce 146 Pr 147 Nd
88 141 I. 142 Xe 143 Cs 144 Ba 145 La 146 Ce 147 Pr 148 Nd
89 142 I. 143 Xe 144 Cs 145 Ba 146 La 147 Ce 148 Pr 149 Nd
90 144 Xe 145 Cs 146 Ba 147 La 148 Ce 149 Pr 150 nd
91 145 Xe 146 Cs 147 Ba 148 La 149 Ce 150 pr 151 Nd
92 147 Cs 148 Ba 149 La 150 Ce 151 Pr 152 Nd
93 149 Ba 150 la 151 Ce 152 pr 153 Nd
94 152 Ce 153 pr 154 Nd
95 154 Pr 155 Nd
96 156 Nd


Ordinal numbers 61 to 80

p → 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho He Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W. re Os Ir Pt Au Ed
 n  ↓
70 131 pm 132 Sm
71 132 pm 133 Sm
72 133 pm 134 Sm 135 Eu
73 134 pm 135 Sm 136 Eu 137 Gd
74 135 pm 136 Sm 137 Eu 138 Gd 139 p
75 136 pm 137 Sm 138 Eu 139 Gd 140 p
76 137 pm 138 Sm 139 Eu 140 Gd 141 p 142 Dy
77 138 pm 139 Sm 140 Eu 141 Gd 142 p 143 Dy
78 139 pm 140 sm 141 Eu 142 Gd 143 p 144 Dy 145 Ho
79 140 pm 141 Sm 142 Eu 143 Gd 144 p 145 Dy 146 Ho
80 141 pm 142 Sm 143 Eu 144 Gd 145 p 146 Dy 147 Ho 148 he
81 142 pm 143 Sm 144 Eu 145 Gd 146 p 147 Dy 148 Ho 149 he
82 143 pm 144 Sm 145 Eu 146 Gd 147 p 148 Dy 149 Ho 150 he 151 Tm
83 144 pm 145 Sm 146 Eu 147 Gd 148 p 149 Dy 150 Ho 151 he 152 Tm 153 Yb
84 145 pm 146 Sm 147 Eu 148 Gd 149 p 150 Dy 151 Ho 152 he 153 Tm 154 Yb 155 Lu
85 146 pm 147 Sm 148 Eu 149 Gd 150 p 151 Dy 152 Ho 153 he 154 Tm 155 Yb 156 Lu 157 Hf
86 147 pm 148 Sm 149 Eu 150 Gd 151 p 152 Dy 153 Ho 154 he 155 Tm 156 Yb 157 Lu 158 Hf 159 days
87 148 pm 149 Sm 150 eu 151 Gd 152 p 153 Dy 154 Ho 155 he 156 Tm 157 Yb 158 Lu 159 Hf 160 days
88 149 pm 150 sm 151 Eu 152 Gd 153 p 154 Dy 155 Ho 156 he 157 Tm 158 Yb 159 Lu 160 Hf 161 days 162 W
89 150 pm 151 Sm 152 Eu 153 Gd 154 p 155 Dy 156 Ho 157 he 158 Tm 159 Yb 160 Lu 161 Hf 162 days 163 W
90 151 pm 152 Sm 153 Eu 154 Gd 155 p 156 Dy 157 Ho 158 he 159 Tm 160 yb 161 Lu 162 Hf 163 days 164 W 165 Re
91 152 pm 153 Sm 154 Eu 155 Gd 156 p 157 Dy 158 Ho 159 he 160 Tm 161 Yb 162 Lu 163 Hf 164 days 165 W 166 Re
92 153 pm 154 Sm 155 Eu 156 Gd 157 p 158 Dy 159 Ho 160 he 161 Tm 162 Yb 163 Lu 164 Hf 165 days 166 W 167 Re 168 Os
93 154 pm 155 Sm 156 Eu 157 Gd 158 p 159 Dy 160 Ho 161 he 162 Tm 163 Yb 164 Lu 165 Hf 166 days 167 W. 168 Re 169 Os
94 155 pm 156 Sm 157 Eu 158 Gd 159 p 160 Dy 161 Ho 162 he 163 Tm 164 Yb 165 Lu 166 Hf 167 days 168 W 169 Re 170 Os 171 Ir
95 156 pm 157 Sm 158 Eu 159 Gd 160 p 161 Dy 162 Ho 163 he 164 Tm 165 Yb 166 Lu 167 Hf 168 days 169 W 170 Re 171 Os 172 Ir 173 pt
96 157 pm 158 Sm 159 Eu 160 Gd 161 p 162 Dy 163 Ho 164 he 165 Tm 166 Yb 167 Lu 168 Hf 169 days 170 W 171 Re 172 Os 173 Ir 174 pt 175 Au
97 158 pm 159 Sm 160 eu 161 Gd 162 p 163 Dy 164 Ho 165 he 166 Tm 167 Yb 168 Lu 169 Hf 170 days 171 W 172 Re 173 Os 174 Ir 175 pt 176 Au 177 ed
98 159 pm 160 sm 161 Eu 162 Gd 163 p 164 Dy 165 Ho 166 he 167 Tm 168 Yb 169 Lu 170 Hf 171 days 172 W 173 Re 174 Os 175 Ir 176 pt 177 Au 178 ed
99 161 Sm 162 Eu 163 Gd 164 p 165 Dy 166 Ho 167 he 168 Tm 169 Yb 170 Lu 171 Hf 172 days 173 W 174 Re 175 Os 176 Ir 177 Pt 178 Au 179 ed
100 162 Sm 163 Eu 164 Gd 165 p 166 Dy 167 Ho 168 he 169 Tm 170 yb 171 Lu 172 Hf 173 days 174 W 175 Re 176 Os 177 Ir 178 pt 179 Au 180 ed
101 164 Eu 165 Gd 166 p 167 Dy 168 Ho 169 he 170 Tm 171 Yb 172 Lu 173 Hf 174 days 175 W 176 Re 177 Os 178 Ir 179 pt 180 Au 181 ed
102 165 Eu 166 Gd 167 p 168 Dy 169 Ho 170 he 171 Tm 172 Yb 173 Lu 174 Hf 175 days 176 W 177 Re 178 Os 179 Ir 180 pt 181 Au 182 ed
103 167 Gd 168 p 169 Dy 170 Ho 171 he 172 Tm 173 Yb 174 Lu 175 Hf 176 days 177 W 178 Re 179 Os 180 Ir 181 Pt 182 Au 183 ed
104 169 p 170 Dy 171 Ho 172 he 173 Tm 174 Yb 175 Lu 176 Hf 177 days 178 W 179 Re 180 Os 181 Ir 182 Pt 183 Au 184 ed
105 171 Dy 172 Ho 173 he 174 Tm 175 Yb 176 Lu 177 Hf 178 days 179 W 180 Re 181 Os 182 Ir 183 pt 184 Au 185 ed
106 172 Dy 173 Ho 174 he 175 Tm 176 Yb 177 Lu 178 Hf 179 days 180 W 181 Re 182 Os 183 Ir 184 pt 185 Au 186 ed
107 174 Ho 175 he 176 Tm 177 Yb 178 Lu 179 Hf 180 days 181 W 182 Re 183 Os 184 Ir 185 pt 186 Au 187 ed
108 175 Ho 176 he 177 Tm 178 Yb 179 Lu 180 Hf 181 Ta 182 W 183 Re 184 Os 185 Ir 186 pt 187 Au 188 ed
109 177 he 178 Tm 179 Yb 180 Lu 181 Hf 182 days 183 W 184 Re 185 Os 186 Ir 187 pt 188 Au 189 ed
110 179 Tm 180 yb 181 Lu 182 Hf 183 days 184 W 185 Re 186 Os 187 Ir 188 Pt 189 Au 190 ed
111 181 Yb 182 Lu 183 Hf 184 days 185 W 186 Re 187 Os 188 Ir 189 Pt 190 Au 191 ed
112 182 Yb 183 Lu 184 Hf 185 days 186 W 187 Re 188 Os 189 Ir 190 pt 191 Au 192 ed
113 184 Lu 185 Hf 186 days 187 W 188 Re 189 Os 190 Ir 191 pt 192 Au 193 ed
114 185 Lu 186 Hf 187 days 188 W 189 Re 190 Os 191 Ir 192 pt 193 Au 194 ed
115 187 Hf 188 days 189 W 190 Re 191 Os 192 Ir 193 pt 194 Au 195 ed
116 188 Hf 189 days 190 W 191 Re 192 Os 193 Ir 194 pt 195 Au 196 ed
117 190 days 191 W. 192 Re 193 Os 194 Ir 195 pt 196 Au 197 ed
118 192 W 193 Re 194 Os 195 Ir 196 pt 197 Au 198 ed
119 194 Re 195 Os 196 Ir 197 pt 198 Au 199 ed
120 196 Os 197 Ir 198 pt 199 Au 200 Hg
121 197 Os 198 Ir 199 pt 200 Au 201 ed
122 199 Ir 200 pt 201 Au 202 ed
123 201 pt 202 Au 203 ed
124 202 Pt 203 Au 204 ed
125 203 pt 204 Au 205 ed
126 204 pt 205 Au 206 ed
127 207 ed
128 208 ed
129 209 ed
130 210 Hg


Ordinal numbers 81 to 100

p → 081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090 091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
Tl Pb Bi Po At Marg Fr. Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pooh At the Cm Bk Cf It Fm
 n  ↓
103 184 Tl 185 Pb
104 185 Tl 186 Pb
105 186 Tl 187 Pb
106 187 Tl 188 Pb 189 bi
107 188 Tl 189 Pb 190 bi
108 189 Tl 190 Pb 191 bi
109 190 Tl 191 Pb 192 bi 193 Po 194 at
110 191 Tl 192 Pb 193 bi 194 Po 195 at
111 192 Tl 193 Pb 194 bi 195 Po 196 at
112 193 Tl 194 Pb 195 bi 196 Po 197 at
113 194 Tl 195 Pb 196 bi 197 Po 198 at
114 195 parts 196 Pb 197 bi 198 Po 199 at 200 Rn
115 196 Tl 197 Pb 198 bi 199 Po 200 at 201 para
116 197 Tl 198 Pb 199 bi 200 po 201 at 202 para 203 Fr
117 198 Tl 199 Pb 200 bi 201 Po 202 at 203 para 204 Fr
118 199 Tl 200 Pb 201 bi 202 Po 203 at 204 para 205 Fr 206 Ra
119 200 Tl 201 Pb 202 bi 203 Po 204 at 205 para 206 Fr 207 Ra
120 201 Tl 202 Pb 203 bi 204 Po 205 at 206 para 207 Fr 208 ra 209 Ac
121 202 Tl 203 Pb 204 bi 205 Po 206 at 207 para 208 Fr 209 Ra 210 Ac
122 203 Tl 204 Pb 205 bi 206 Po 207 at 208 para 209 Fr 210 ra 211 Ac
123 204 Tl 205 Pb 206 bi 207 Po 208 at 209 para 210 Fr 211 ra 212 Ac 213 Th
124 205 Tl 206 Pb 207 bi 208 Po 209 at 210 para 211 Fr 212 ra 213 Ac 214 th
125 206 Tl 207 Pb 208 Bi 209 Po 210 at 211 para 212 Fr 213 ra 214 Ac 215 th 216 Pa
126 207 Tl 208 Pb 209 bi 210 Po 211 at 212 para 213 Fr 214 ra 215 Ac 216 Th 217 Pa
127 208 Tl 209 Pb 210 bi 211 Po 212 at 213 para 214 Fr 215 ra 216 Ac 217 Th 218 Pa
128 209 Tl 210 Pb 211 bi 212 Po 213 at 214 para 215 Fr 216 ra 217 Ac 218 Th 219 Pa
129 210 Tl 211 Pb 212 bi 213 Po 214 at 215 para 216 Fr 217 ra 218 Ac 219 Th 220 Pa
130 211 Tl 212 Pb 213 bi 214 Po 215 at 216 para 217 Fr 218 ra 219 Ac 220 th 221 Pa
131 212 Tl 213 Pb 214 Bi 215 Po 216 at 217 para 218 Fr 219 ra 220 Ac 221 Th 222 Pa
132 214 Pb 215 bi 216 Po 217 at 218 para 219 Fr 220 Ra 221 Ac 222 Th 223 Pa 224 U
133 215 Pb 216 bi 217 Po 218 at 219 para 220 Fr 221 Ra 222 Ac 223 Th 224 Pa 225 U
134 217 bi 218 Po 219 at 220 para 221 Fr 222 ra 223 Ac 224 Th 225 Pa 226 U 227 Np 228 Pooh
135 218 bi 219 Po 220 at 221 para 222 Fr 223 ra 224 Ac 225 th 226 Pa 227 U 228 Np 229 Pu 230 am
136 220 Po 221 at 222 para 223 Fr 224 ra 225 Ac 226 Th 227 Pa 228 U 229 Np 230 pu 231 On
137 222 at 223 para 224 Fr 225 ra 226 Ac 227 Th 228 Pa 229 U 230 Np 231 Pu 232 Am 233 cm
138 223 at 224 para 225 Fr 226 Ra 227 Ac 228 Th 229 Pa 230 U 231 Np 232 Pu 233 On 234 cm 235 Bk
139 225 Rn 226 Fr 227 ra 228 Ac 229 Th 230 Pa 231 U 232 Np 233 Pu 234 On 235 cm 235 Bk 237 Cf
140 226 para 227 Fr 228 ra 229 Ac 230 th 231 Pa 232 U 233 Np 234 Pu 235 On 236 cm 235 Bk 238 Cf
141 227 para 228 Fr 229 Ra 230 Ac 231 Th 232 Pa 233 U 234 Np 235 Pu 236 On 237 cm 238 Bk 239 Cf
142 228 para 229 Fr 230 Ra 231 Ac 232 Th 233 Pa 234 U 235 Np 236 Pu 237 On 238 cm 239 Bk 240 cf 241 it 242 m
143 229 para 230 Fr 231 ra 232 Ac 233 Th 234 Pa 235 U 236 Np 237 Pu 238 On 239 cm 240 Bk 241 Cf 242 It 243 m
144 231 Fr 232 ra 233 Ac 234 Th 235 Pa 236 U 237 Np 238 Pu 239 On 240 cm 241 Bk 242 Cf 243 It 244 ft
145 233 ra 234 Ac 235 Th 236 Pa 237 U 238 Np 239 Pu 240 am 241 cm 242 Bk 243 Cf 244 it 245 m
146 234 ra 235 Ac 236 Th 237 Pa 238 U 239 Np 240 pu 241 On 242 cm 243 Bk 244 Cf 245 It 246 ft
147 236 Ac 237 Th 238 Pa 239 U 240 Np 241 Pu 242 On 243 cm 244 Bk 245 Cf 246 it 247 m
148 238 Th 239 Pa 240 U 241 Np 242 Pu 243 On 244 cm 245 Bk 246 Cf 247 it 248 ft
149 239 Th 240 Pa 241 U 242 Np 243 Pu 244 On 245 cm 246 Bk 247 Cf 248 it 249 m
150 241 Pa 242 U 243 Np 244 Pu 245 On 246 cm 247 Bk 248 Cf 249 it 250 m
151 243 U 244 Np 245 Pu 246 On 247 cm 248 Bk 249 Cf 250 it 251 ft
152 246 Pu 247 On 248 cm 249 Bk 250 cf 251 it 252 ft
153 247 Pu 248 On 249 cm 250 Bk 251 Cf 252 it 253 m
154 249 On 250 cm 251 Bk 252 Cf 253 it 254 m
155 251 cm 252 Bk 253 Cf 254 it 255 ft
156 252 cm 253 Bk 254 Cf 255 It 256 ft
157 254 Bk 255 Cf 256 It 257 m
158 256 Cf 257 it 258 ft
159 258 it 259 m
160 260 m


Ordinal numbers from 101

p → 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bra Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Above
 n  ↓
147 248 Md
148 249 Md 250 No.
149 250 billion 251 No. 252 Lr 253 Rf
150 251 billion 252 no 253 Lr 254 Rf 255 Db
151 252 billion 253 no 254 Lr 255 Rf 256 Db
152 253 billion 254 No. 255 Lr 256 Rf 257 Db 258 Sg
153 254 billion 255 No. 256 Lr 257 Rf 258 Db 259 Sg 260 operating hours
154 255 billion 256 No. 257 Lr 258 Rf 259 Db 260 Sg 261 operating hours
155 256 billion 257 no 258 Lr 259 Rf 260 db 261 Sg 262 hours 263 Hs
156 257 Md 258 No. 259 Lr 260 Rf 261 Db 262 Sg 263 hours 264 Hs 265 m
157 258 billion 259 no 260 Lr 261 Rf 262 Db 263 Sg 264 operating hours 265 Hs 266 Mt 267 Ds
158 259 Md 260 No. 261 Lr 262 Rf 263 Db 264 Sg 265 operating hours 266 Hs 267 Mt 268 Ds
159 260 billion 261 No. 262 Lr 263 Rf 264 Db 265 Sg 266 operating hours 267 Hs 268 Mt 269 Ds
160 261 billion 262 No. 263 Lr 264 Rf 265 Db 266 Sg 267 hours 268 Hs 269 m 270 Ds
161 262 Md 263 No. 264 Lr 265 Rf 266 Db 267 Sg 268 hours 269 Hs 270 Mt 271 Ds 272 Rg
162 264 No. 265 Lr 266 Rf 267 Db 268 Sg 269 hours 270 ms 271 m 272 Ds 273 Rg
163 266 Lr 267 Rf 268 Db 269 Sg 270 operating hours 271 Hs 272 m 273 Ds 274 Rg
164 268 Rf 269 Db 270 Sg 271 hours 272 Hs 273 m 274 Ds 275 Rg
165 270 db 271 Sg 272 hours 273 Hs 274 m 275 Ds 276 Rg 277 cn
166 272 Sg 273 hours 274 Hs 275 mt 276 Ds 277 Rg 278 cn
167 273 Sg 274 hours 275 Hs 276 Mt 277 Ds 278 Rg 279 cn
168 275 operating hours 276 Hs 277 Mt 278 Ds 279 Rg 280 cn
169 277 Hs 278 Mt 279 Ds 280 Rg 281 cn 282 Nh
170 279 m 280 Ds 281 Rg 282 cn 283 Nh
171 281 Ds 282 Rg 283 cn 284 Nh 285 bottles
172 282 Ds 283 Rg 284 cn 285 Nh 286 bottles 287 Mc
173 285 cn 286 Nh 287 bottles 288 Mc 289 Lv
174 286 cn 287 Nh 288 bottles 289 Mc 290 Lv 291 Ts
175 289 bottles 290 Mc 291 Lv 292 Ts
176 291 Mc 292 Lv 293 Ts 294 Og
177 293 Lv 294 Ts
178

See also

literature

Hans Bucka : Concise nuclear isobar charts: nuclear ground states and low lying energy levels. Verlag de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1986, ISBN 3-11-008404-X

swell

Web links