Ołbin
Ołbin ( German Elbing ) is a district of the inner city in Wroclaw located in the north of the cathedral island . Today it borders in the west on the districts of Kleczkow and Nadodrze (in the west), the Altstadtring, in the south on Grunwaldplatz and in the north on the Oder. In the quarter there are famous buildings such as the Michaeliskirche built by the architect Alexis Langer , the wash pond park and the famous streets Wyszynski, Nowowiejska and Prusa. According to estimates by the city of Wroclaw, Elblag had a population of around 41,100 in 2004.
Surname
The place was mentioned for the first time in a Latin document from 1175 years as "Olbinum" and in a passage under "in Olbino", so also in 1201. In addition, in Latin entries from 1202 the name "Olpinow", 1253 "Vlbim "( LA :" Vlbin ") and" Uolbim ", 1264" Olbin "," Albingum ", * " Olbingum "and" Elbinga "found.
The meaning of the name is not clear. On the one hand it is assumed that it is a derivative of the name "Albin", on the other hand, other linguists such as Paul Hefftner say that it means "swan".
According to Stanisław Rospond, the name is derived from the Slavic root * łob-, which in all Slavic languages is associated with the vegetation on swampy and damp ground. The original name Lobin (o) would be topographically (such Brzezin [o] Wierzbin [o] and Lipin [o]) and described the wetlands of the former backwater of the Oder , but was by the occurring in westslawisch-German border area metathesis ol↔ lo and b↔p transformed.
The current (Polish) form "Ołbin" has been used in everyday language since 1972.
history
Around 1140 a Benedictine monastery was built on the Elbing , but it was occupied by Premonstratensian canons as early as 1180. They gave up the location in 1530 and moved to the former Franciscan monastery in the old town.
Olbin remained outside the walls of the city of Wroclaw for the most part until the early nineteenth century. However, this and the protected part were integrated into the city administration in 1768 and 1800. The northern part, on the banks of the Oder, was often plundered by besieging armies or - as in the 16th century - destroyed by the city's defenders to prevent the attackers from taking shelter in it. After the conquest of Wroclaw by Napoleon's army in 1807 and the decision of the occupation authorities to destroy the city fortifications and remove the moat, the outlying part of Elbing and several other surrounding villages became suburbs of Wroclaw.
On the western edge of Elbing, at 1 Olbiński Street, stood the first chapel of the “St. Hieronymus ”(from the fourteenth century), then the Church of St. Ursula and the Eleven Thousand Virgins Church (today“ Church of the Protection of St. Joseph ”). A leprosarium and a women's refuge were operated near the church . In 1776, at the behest of Frederick the Great , Carl Gotthard Langhans built the "Friedrichstor" in the southern part of Elbing, near the intersection of Sienkiewiczstrasse and Kielcestrasse. The building served as a refuge for the poor after 1820 until it was decided in 1858 to demolish it. In the middle of the nineteenth century, in the immediate vicinity of the Michaeliskirche, there was also a glassworks .
During the siege of Fortress Wroclaw in 1945, not as many buildings were destroyed in the area as in other parts of the city. That is why there is a rich inventory of centuries-old buildings. The district has been part of the city center since 1991.
literature
- Colmar Grünhagen (Red.): Regesta on Silesian history. Part 1: Until the year 1250 (= Codex diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 7). Edited by the Association for the History and Antiquity of Silesia . Josef Max & Co., Breslau 1866–68, OCLC 833586381 , pp. 25, 36, 58, 60 f., 152, 157, 308, 315, 339 ( limited preview in Google book search).
Web links
- Old maps and pictures. In: dolny-slask.org.pl
Individual evidence
- ↑ Colmar Grünhagen (Red.): Regesten zur Schlesischen Geschichte. Part 1: Until the year 1250 (= Codex diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 7). Edited by the Association for the History and Antiquity of Silesia . Josef Max & Co., Breslau 1866–68, OCLC 833586381 , p. 36 ( full text in the Google book search).
- ↑ In Innocent III. Colmar Grünhagen (Red.): Regesta on Silesian history. Part 1: Until the year 1250 (= Codex diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 7). Edited by the Association for the History and Antiquity of Silesia. Josef Max & Co., Breslau 1866–68, OCLC 833586381 , p. 58 ( full text in the Google book search).
- ^ With Heinrich III., Called the white one . Georg Korn: Wroclaw Document Book. First part. Verlag von Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau 1870, p. 14 ( full text in the Google book search) and note 5.
- ↑ That is: "in Olbingo." Hermann Markgraf, J. W. Schulte (Ed.): Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis (= Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae. Volume XIV). Edited by the Association for the History and Antiquity of Silesia. Josef Max & Co., Breslau 1889, OCLC 20772734 ( online ; here: "Incipit registrum terre Wratislaviensis" [register of the Breslau area]). In: dokumentyslaska.pl, accessed October 8, 2016.
- ↑ a b Paul Hefftner: Origin and meaning of place names in the city and district of Breslau. With a city map and a district map. Ferdinand Hirt, Breslau 1910, OCLC 246496550 , pp. 24-26.
- ↑ a b Julian Janczak: Śląsk w koncu XVIII wieku (= Atlas historyczny Polski. C). Krystyna Binek (editor). Volume 2. Part 2. Ed. By Polska Akad. Nauk, Inst. Historii. Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich (Ossolineum), Wrocław 1984, ISBN 83-04-01347-9 , p. 89.
- ^ Marcin Wojciech Solarz: Nazwy wsi źródłem wiedzy o przeszłości na przykładzie toponimów z doliny Olszynki na Pogórzu Ciężkowickim . [Village names as a source of knowledge of the past: toponyms in the Olszynka Valley in the Ciężkowickie Foothills]. In: Acta Universitatis Lodziensis . Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica. No. 25 , 2016, ISSN 1508-1117 , p. 63–81 , here pp. 70–71 , doi : 10.18778 / 1508-1117.25.04 (Polish).