Ober-Ingelheim fortifications
The Ober-Ingelheim fortification surrounded Ober-Ingelheim from the beginning of the 15th century until it finally lost its importance in the course of the 19th century. Today the complex is a monument zone.
history
The system dates from the 14th to 15th centuries, the fortifications at the castle church date from the 12th century. The fortification was necessary to protect the property of the noble families in Ober-Ingelheim. Different masonry technology and different stone materials give clues to several construction phases. According to the local plans, the complex was largely preserved around 1800. That changed with the breakthroughs of the Neuweg in 1830 south and with the breakthrough in the north of Bahnhofstrasse in 1876. The fortification lost more and more of its importance, fell into disrepair or was used as a quarry. Since the 1990s, the city of Ingelheim has endeavored to preserve the existing building fabric.
Local wall
The tower-reinforced curtain wall consisted of limestone and reading stones and was six to eight meters high. It had 16 towers and seven partially inhabited gates. In addition, a bridge , a wall and a moat were in front of it. Since the Selz to the west of the place was very swampy at that time, fortification was not necessary there. The best-preserved part today is the section around the castle church and the northern section in front of the castle church, the former moat can still be seen in the latter.
Gates
The Uffhubtor is the youngest and at the same time best preserved city gate . It led in the direction of Wackernheim and Mainz . The western Ohrbrücker Tor led over the then swampy Selz towards Westerberg . In the 1960s, the archway was reconstructed based on the model of the Uffhubtores. To the south-west is the Stiegelgässer Gate , which had to be passed at night when the main gates were closed. At the Stiegelgässer Tor you first passed a footbridge , hence the current name Stieg, to get into the village. The Altengässer Tor was the gateway to Gau-Algesheim . It was located at the western end of today's Altengasse and is no longer preserved. To the north was the Rinderbacher Tor , which was the connection between the two places Nieder- and Ober-Ingelheim. It was demolished in the 19th century and replaced with a residential building until it was completely removed in the 1970s. The Hammergässer Gate, which is no longer preserved today, was the connection between Sporkenheim and Ober-Ingelheim. Today there is a new building area on the site. It can be assumed that all city gates except for the Uffhubtor had a similar architectural style. The gates were always opened at 4 a.m. and closed again at 8 a.m. in the evening. The gate systems were all inhabited by a gatekeeper.
Towers
A number of pointed cone towers have been preserved, some of which are now inhabited. The Malakoffturm is the most striking part of the fortification in the area of the castle church. It is a two-story round tower with a domed vault on the upper floor and an intact high entrance. There is also a dungeon with groined vaults.
literature
- Dieter Krienke: Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Vol. 18: District Mainz-Bingen 1. Cities Bingen and Ingelheim, community Budenheim, association communities Gau-Algesheim, Heidesheim, Rhein-Nahe and Sprendlingen-Gensingen. Werner, Worms 2007, ISBN 978-3-88462-231-5 ( monument topography Federal Republic of Germany )
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