Oleg Vladimirovich Lossew

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Oleg Losev

Oleg Losev ( Russian Олег Владимирович Лосев * April 27 . Jul / 10. May  1903 greg. In Tver ; † 22. January 1942 in Leningrad ) was a Soviet radio frequency engineer .

Life

As a schoolboy, Lossew became interested in radio technology because of a lecture given by the head of the Tver radio station in 1917 . In the Tver radio station he met Mikhail Alexandrowitsch Bontsch-Brujewitsch and the professor of the Riga Polytechnic Institute Vladimir Konstantinowitsch Lebedinski know. In 1920 Lossew went to Moscow to study at the Telecommunications Institute . At the first Russian radio technology congress he met his former friends from the Tver radio station, who had meanwhile switched to the Nizhny Novgorod Lenin Radio Laboratory (NRL) founded in 1918 with Ukas Lenins . Lossew then gave up studying and went to Nizhny Novgorod, where he managed to be able to work scientifically in the NRL.

Starting in 1920, he began working in the field of semiconductor technology , starting with the crystal detector . In May 1924, as a radio amateur , he published an article about a detector amplifier in a French radio journal.

In 1927 he rediscovered electroluminescence when a current passed through a carborundum crystal (see round effect ).

He also discovered that crystal detectors are suitable for generating vibrations under certain conditions and developed his Crystadyn receiver ("детектор-генератор" or "кристадин"). Due to a lack of semiconductor knowledge and the rapidly expanding tube technology, this was forgotten.

When the NRL was transferred to the Leningrad Central Radio Laboratory (ZRL) in 1928 , Lossew went with the laboratory to Leningrad, where he concentrated on the investigation of semiconductor crystals. He carried out part of his experimental work with the consent of Abram Fjodorowitsch Joffes in the Physikalisch-Technologische Institut (LPTI) .

In 1937 Lossew received a teaching position at the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute. In 1938 he received his doctorate from the Industrial Institute as a candidate in physical and mathematical sciences . During the Leningrad blockade , Lossev did not allow himself to be evacuated against Joffes' advice . He died of starvation in the hospital of the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute.

literature

  • Mark Ilyin: Tverskaya oblast: enziklopeditscheski sprawochnik . Tverskoye obl.knischno-schurnalnoje isd-wo, 1994, ISBN 5-85457-021-1 , p. 150. (Russian)
  • А. Г. Остроумов, А. А. Рогачев: О. В. Лосев - пионер полупроводниковой электроники (=  Физика: проблемы, история, люди ). Наука, 1986, p. 183-217 .
  • Nikolay Zheludev: The life and times of the LED - a 100-year history . In: Nature Photonics . tape 1 , no. 4 , p. 189–192 , doi : 10.1038 / nphoton.2007.34 ( PDF [accessed October 28, 2008]).
  • Ari Ben-Menahem: Historical Encyclopedia of Natural and Mathematical Sciences . Vol. 1. Springer Science & Business Media, 2009, ISBN 978-3-540-68831-0 , p. 3588 .

Web links

Commons : Oleg Losev  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Лбов Ф .: У истоков полупроводниковой техники . In: Радио . No. 5 , 1973, p. 10 .
  2. ↑ a b А. Г. Остроумов, А. А. Рогачев ,. О. В .: Лосев - пионер полупроводниковой электроники . Nauka, Leningrad 1986, p. 183-217 .
  3. ↑ В.И. Шамшур: Первые годы советской радиотехники и радиолюбительства. - Массовая радиобиблиотека . Госэнергоиздат, Moscow, Leningrad 1954.
  4. ↑ Остроумов Г. А .: Олег Владимирович Лосев: Библиографический очерк . Nauka, Leningrad 1972.
  5. ↑ Egon E. Loebner: Subhistories of the Light Emitting Diodes . In: IEEE Transaction Electron Devices . ED-23, No. 7 , 1976.
  6. ↑ Новиков М. А .: Ранний восход. К столетию со дня рождения О. В. Лосева . In: Нижегородский музей . No. 1 , 2003, p. 14-17 .
personal data
SURNAME Lossew, Oleg Vladimirovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Лосев, Олег Владимирович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet radio frequency technician
DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Tver
DATE OF DEATH January 22, 1942
Place of death Leningrad