Olive fruit fly

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Olive fruit fly
Fly December 2007-11.jpg

Olive fruit fly ( Bactrocera oleae )

Systematics
Order : Fly (Diptera)
Subordination : Flies (Brachycera)
Family : Drill flies (Tephritidae)
Genre : Bactrocera
Subgenus : Daculus
Type : Olive fruit fly
Scientific name
Bactrocera oleae
( Rossi , 1790)

The olive fruit fly ( Bactrocera oleae ) is a species of fruit flies , which belongs to the subfamily Dacinae. It is a phytophagous species whose larvae feed on the fruits of the olive tree. It is considered a major pest in olive cultivation , significantly affecting both the quantity and quality of production in most olive growing areas.

features

The fly adults are 4 to 5 millimeters long, with a wing length of 4.3 to 5.2 millimeters. They are predominantly red-brown in color with large, bright red eyes and antennae with a very short first antennae (scapus). In the antenna furrows on the front of the head there is a dark point on each side. The top of the trunk (scutum) is red-brown with two to four gray to black longitudinal stripes, often black with red-brown sides. The scutellum, on the other hand, is strongly colored lighter yellow, sometimes with a basal, black or red-brown colored triangle; In addition, the trunk has a few light spots in the rear section, but no bandages. The abdomen is red-brown with black markings, which consist of black spots on the sides of the tergites (clearly set off from one another) . The wings are predominantly hyaline (crystal clear) with a small dark spot on the leading edge near the wing tip; the black wing band found in many other bored fly species is thus reduced to this spot. The thighs (femora) of the legs are yellow.

distribution

The distribution coincides with the area of ​​olive cultivation in northern, eastern and southern Africa , in southern Europe , on the Canary Islands , in India and western Asia . In the United States , distribution is restricted to California.

Trivia

The olive fly lays its eggs in the ripening olives, the hatching larvae eat away at the pulp. Year after year, the pests cause enormous economic damage.

In September 2013, the British biotechnology company Oxitec applied to the Spanish Biosafety Commission for a field test in which genetically modified olive flies should gradually exterminate their wild counterparts. The test site near the city of Tarragona was secured with nets. Oxitec has already carried out tests in Asia and North and South America. The application was withdrawn, resubmitted in 2015 and withdrawn again after approval was apparently not expected.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bactrocera oleae in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved June 29, 2014.
  2. ↑ The Fruit Flies of the African Tropical Region by Peter van Velzen . Accessed June 30, 2014.
  3. ^ VC Kapoor: Taxonomy and Biology of Economically Important Fruit Flies of India. In: Biotaxonomy of Tephritoidea Israel Journal of Entomology Vol. 35-36, 2005/6: 459-475.
  4. ^ Paul Vossen, Lucia G. Varela, Alexandra Devarenne: Olive Fruit Fly. University of California Cooperative Extension, Sonoma County 2004 download
  5. ^ Richard Rice, Phil A. Phillips; Judy Stewart-Leslie & G. Steven Sibbett: Olive fruit fly populations measured in Central and Southern California . In: California Agriculture . 57, No. 4, 2003, pp. 122-127. doi : 10.3733 / ca.v057n04p122 . Retrieved March 14, 2010.
  6. ↑ Genetic engineering instead of poison on heise.de
  7. ↑ New start: Test with genetically modified olive flies in Spain. Retrieved July 14, 2020 .

Web links

Commons : Olive Fruit Fly ( Bactrocera oleae )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files