One-Unit (Pakistan)
One Unit is the English name of a geopolitical program of the Pakistani government, which was initiated by Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra on November 22, 1954. The program came into being after the government struggled to govern both parts of Pakistan politically. The program called for the four provinces of Pakistan to be merged into one province to simplify government. The same program ran off in East Pakistan.
history
The idea of founding the state of Pakistan was conceived by the philosopher Muhammad Iqbal in 1930. The founding of the state on August 14, 1947 was the result of the Pakistani movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah . Pakistan did not have its own constitution, but used the constitution of the British Empire. The administration of East Bengal was difficult for the government. The program was designed by Governor General Ghulam Malik and outlined by Chief Minister Mumtaz Ali. The program was first announced on November 22, 1954.
Bogra advocated a province and said that the disappearance of the Bengalis, Punjabis, Sindhis, Pathans, Balochis, Bahawalpuris, and Khairpuris would strengthen the integrity of Pakistan. Prime Minister Chaudhry Muhammad Ali implemented the framework of the one-unit program on October 14, 1955, after parliament passed the law introducing the one-unit program.
Iskander Mirza gave the following reasons for introducing the one-unit program in September 1955:
1. The program removes prejudices in the provinces.
2. The program supports the development of backward areas.
3. The program reduces administrative expenses.
4. The program simplifies the adoption of a new constitution.
5. The program assures West and East Pakistan full autonomy.
The four provinces of Pakistan and FATA were united into one province after the parliamentary elections in 1954. The new province consisted of 12 divisions. The capital of the province was Lahore . The province of East Bengal was renamed East Pakistan . The capital was Dhaka . The Pakistani government temporarily moved the capital of Pakistan from Karachi to Rawalpindi in 1958 . The capital was later moved from Rawalpindi to Islamabad . West Pakistan formed a political and united political entity. However, the province had linguistic and ethnic differences. The one-unit program was designed to break down bureaucracy and ethnic prejudice in Pakistan. However, the 1958 military coup led to the abolition of the office of chief minister and the president exercised his power in West Pakistan. Yahya Khan dissolved the province on July 1, 1970.
Individual evidence
- ^ Nigel Kelly: The History And Culture of Pakistan. Peak Publishing, London 2015.