Orbita (TV satellite system)
Orbita is the name of a satellite television broadcast system from the former Soviet Union . The orbit system is usually seen as the first of its kind. The uplink took place from Moscow and was distributed via the various satellites , which at the same time reflected the program back to the earth's surface. Since the transmission power was very weak, the signals could only be received by certain stations with parabolic antennas and were broadcast terrestrially from there with additional transmission systems .
The " Molnija " satellites used ran on a special 12-hour orbit , which guaranteed good coverage over North Asia, but required motorized tracking of the receiving antenna. The satellites broadcast in the range of 3.4–4.1 GHz (television) and 0.8–1.0 GHz (telephony). They began operations in 1965 , with all 25 satellites fully available from October 1967 . Due to their low transmission power, they could only transmit either a television program or around 100 telephone connections . The coverage area extended from Siberia to East Asia .
Orbita receiving station in Khabarovsk , Ulitsa Shevchenko 3, 1977
Orbita receiving station in Khabarovsk , March 1983. The station was dismantled in 2003.
Orbita receiving station in Telwiska (Arctic Ocean), 2012
See also
Web links
- Russian Satellite Communications Company : The company history (English)
- Tele Sputnik Exact technical data of some Russian television satellites (English)