Organs of the Moscow Conservatory
The organs of the Moscow Conservatory are among the oldest preserved in the city. The organ in the Great Hall was built in 1899 by Charles Mutin as the successor to Aristide Cavaillé-Coll . It is considered the most important historical organ in Russia . An organ by Friedrich Ladegast from 1868 was also in the conservatory for a long time. It is the oldest preserved in Russia and is now in the Music Museum .
Mutin organ in the great hall
| Organs of the Moscow Conservatory | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| place | Great Hall |
| Organ builder | Charles Mutin (A. Cavaillé et Fils Cie) |
| Construction year | 1899 |
| Last renovation / restoration | 2002–2006 by Rieger Orgelbau |
| epoch | romance |
| Organ landscape | Organ landscape Moscow |
| Illustrations | |
.jpg) 1900 in Paris |
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| Technical specifications | |
| Number of registers | 50 |
| Number of rows of pipes | 65 |
| Number of manuals | 3 |
| Number of 32 'registers | 1 |
history
Moscow Conservatory
In 1866 the Moscow Conservatory was founded. It was the most important musical training facility in Russia. In 1885 an organ class was set up. For this purpose, an instrument from Friedrich Ladegast (from 1868) was purchased.
Organ building
For the new Great Hall to be built, the composer Peter Tchaikovsky recommended ordering an instrument from Aristide Cavaillé-Coll from Paris , who was considered the most important organ builder of his time. The order was placed in August 1897. Research has yet to show whether and to what extent he was involved in drafts and other work for the organ. In the summer of 1898, Charles Mutin took over the “A. Cavaillé-Coll et Fils Cie. ”This instrument was the first major organ he built himself.
In 1900 he presented the organ at the World Exhibition in Paris in the Russian pavilion. He received a lot of attention with it. The following year the instrument was set up in Moscow. In May 1901 it was inaugurated with a composition by Charles-Marie Widor . It was the first larger organ for a concert outside of churches in Moscow.
Restorations and restorers
The organ remained in place after the 1917 revolution and remained unchanged for many years. In 1958 Hermann Lahmann from Leipzig and 1968 W. Sauer from Frankfurt carried out some restoration work, then from 1975 to 1979 Michel, Merklin & Kuhn from Lyon. From 2014 to 2016 the instrument was restored by Rieger Orgelbau from Schwarzach in Austria, the changes made in 1979 were reversed and the disposition from 1899 was reconstructed.
The organ is largely in its original condition from 1899 and is the most important historical organ in Russia. Cavaille-Coll heard the instrument personally in the assembly room of his company and suggested that it be displayed at the Paris World Exhibition. Charles Marie Widor then suggested exchanging the unda maris for a flûte conique (reconstructed in 2016). The organ does not yet show any characteristics or scaling schemes that are characteristic of Charles Mutin, so that the organ still follows the classic Cavaillé-Coll design. Therefore it is rightly regarded as the master's last work, even if he did not experience the installation in Moscow.
Disposition
The instrument has 48 registers , which are on three manuals and pedal . The disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling: I / I Super, I / I Sub, II / I, II / II Super, II / II Sub, III / I, III / II, III / III Super, III / III Sub, I / P, II / P, III / P
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Playing aids :
- Tongues on / off: I, II, III Récit, III Chamade, P
- jeux de combinaison: I, II, III, P
- Expression II, III
Schuke organ in the small hall
| Organs of the Moscow Conservatory | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| place | Small Hall |
| Organ builder | Hans Joachim Schuke |
| Construction year | 1959 |
| epoch | Organ movement |
| Organ landscape | Organ landscape Moscow |
| Illustrations | |
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| Technical specifications | |
| Number of pipes | 1898 |
| Number of registers | 26th |
| Number of rows of pipes | 40 |
| Number of manuals | 2 |
history
In 1959, an organ was built by Hans-Joachim Schuke from Potsdam for the small hall in the Taneyev building . It replaced the instrument made by Friedrich Ladegast in 1868. The Schuke organ was larger and it stood in the tradition of organ movement , which was committed to a baroque sound.
Even today the organ is mainly used for the training of organ students in the conservatory. It is also a venue for the annual Alexander Goedicke International Organ Competition . In addition, public concerts, mainly with chamber music, take place regularly in the Small Hall.
Disposition
The organ has 26 registers with two manuals . She has the following disposition
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- Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
Technical specifications
- in the brochure: Principal 8 ′, trombone 16 ′
- Slider chests
- mechanical key action
- mechanical register
- 40 rows of pipes
- 1898 whistling
Ladegast organ beforehand in the small hall
history
An organ by Friedrich Ladegast (II / P / 16) stood in the small hall until 1959 . This was built in 1868 for the Moscow citizen Vasily Chludow as a salon organ in his private home. In 1886 he donated it to the conservatory and paid for the construction. In 1898 the organ was moved to the newly built small hall. There it served for over 60 years to train organ students and for concerts.
In 1959 the instrument came to the "Sergei Prokofjew Music School" in Moscow. There it was used for organ training, but then moved and significantly damaged by students. In 1987 the instrument came to the Trinity Church in the Moscow district of Koschewniki. In 1992 it acquired the Glinka Museum, where it was extensively restored from 1996 to 1998 by the Lithuanian organ builder Rimantas Gučas . The Ladegast organ is now in the foyer of the music museum and is used there for concerts and performances. It is the oldest surviving organ in Russia .
Disposition
The organ has 16 registers with two manuals. She has the following disposition
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- Coupling: II / I, I / P
Technical specifications
- Slider chests
- Mechanical action mechanism
- Mechanical registry
More organs
There are other organs for events and lessons:
- White Hall Goll & Cie AG , Lucerne, Switzerland, 1968, II / P, 10
- Class 44 : Hermann Lahmann , Leipzig, 1959, II / P, 10
- Class 407 : Rieger-Kloss , Krnov, Czech Republic, II / P, 4
- Class 414 : Rieger-Kloss, 1958, II / P, 10
Web links
- Moscow Conservatory Organ with Disposition (French)
- Where do Moscow's best organ concerts take place? according to Rossiyskaya Gazeta on Russia Beyond , December 10, 2016
Individual evidence
- ^ Charles Mutin Music et Memoria (French)
- ↑ Disposition Orgues France (French)
- ↑ Disposition Rieger Orgelbau
- ^ Organs in Russia Principal, 28th organ (Москва, 2nd; Russian / German)
- ↑ Schuke organ (Russian / German)
- ↑ Ladegast organ in Moscow on YouTube , Michail Mishtschenko plays from Three pieces for organ by Niels W. Gade, 2004
- ↑ Ladegast organ (Russian)
- ↑ Ladegast organ (Russian / German)
- ↑ Organs in Russia , 36th organ (Москва, 10; Russian / German)
- ↑ Moscow Organ Workshop (Russian)