Oriental hellebore

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Oriental hellebore
Oriental hellebore (Helleborus orientalis)

Oriental hellebore ( Helleborus orientalis )

Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Subfamily : Ranunculoideae
Tribe : Helleboreae
Genre : Nieswurz ( Helleborus )
Type : Oriental hellebore
Scientific name
Helleborus orientalis
Lam.

The oriental hellebore ( Helleborus orientalis ), spring rose or spring Christmas rose is a species of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is native to Turkey and the Caucasus .

description

The oriental hellebore grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that forms groups. The leaves have sawn leaf sections. The foliage occasionally wilts during flowering and is then drawn in, new foliage appears shortly afterwards.

Ripening follicles of the oriental hellebore

The small, light flowers , whose color ranges from white, greenish, pink to light purple, occasionally have dark spots. There are follicles formed.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.

distribution

The oriental hellebore is native to Turkey and the Caucasus . In Turkey it is also found on European soil, but evidence in Greece has not been confirmed. It occurs locally as a neophyte in Grabfeld , in Baden-Württemberg near Pforzheim and in the Jagst area (Langenburg).

Subspecies

The species Helleborus orientalis includes several subspecies. They all occur in the area of ​​Turkey and the Caucasus:

  • Helleborus orientalis subsp. abchasicus (A.Braun) B.Mathew
  • Helleborus orientalis subsp. guttatus (A.Braun & FWHSauer) B.Mathew
  • Helleborus orientalis subsp. orientalis

Use as an ornamental plant

The oriental hellebore varieties are extremely hardy . Their flowers appear in winter or early spring. Like the Christmas rose ( Helleborus niger ) and the purple hellebore ( Helleborus purpurascens ), which come from the same genus , they are occasionally planted in gardens. The varieties planted in gardens are rarely Helleborus orientalis , they are almost always hybrids of different parents, which should be referred to as Helleborus × hybridus .

photos

  • ripe fruits

  • Lenten rose (hybrid) in the snow

  • Flowers of a spring rose (hybrid)

literature

  • Angelika Lüttig, Juliane Kasten: Rose hip and Co. Flowers, fruits and spread of European plants . Fauna-Verlag, Nottuln 2003, ISBN 3-935980-90-6 .
  • Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 8 (Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae). Helsinki 1989. ISBN 951-9108-07-6 , Helleborus orientalis on page 25

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helleborus orientalis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 8 (Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae). Page 25, Helsinki 1989. ISBN 951-9108-07-6
  3. ↑ Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 , p. 313 .
  4. ↑ Walter Erhardt, Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great zander. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .

Web links

Commons : Oriental Hellebore ( Helleborus orientalis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files