Oriental turtle dove
| Oriental turtle dove | ||||||||||
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Oriental turtle dove ( Streptopelia orientalis ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||
| Streptopelia orientalis | ||||||||||
| ( Latham , 1790) |
The Oriental Turtle Dove ( Streptopelia orientalis ), also Bergturteltaube , Meena turtledove or Meenataube called, is a species from the family of pigeons (Columbidae). It colonizes parts of Siberia and Central Asia and winters in Southeast Asia. In Europe, the species is an extremely rare Irrgast .
Features and vocalizations
The oriental turtle dove has a body length of 30 to 35 cm and a wingspan of 54–62 cm. Overall, the species is very similar to the turtledove . The oriental turtle dove is, however, a third larger and heavier than this species. The turtle dove is significantly lighter on the neck and chest, the light feather edges on the top are wider, more rusty yellow and the light wing bands are missing. The wings of the oriental turtle dove are also much more rounded.
Upper back, head, neck and chest are dark brown-pink. The rump is blue-gray; The belly, legs and under tail-covers are whitish gray. The shoulder feathers, the umbrella feathers and the proximal wing coverts are clearly lined with rust brown, the feather centers are black. The wings of the hand and the hand covers are black. The arm wings and the arm covers are also black, but with a broad blue-gray border. The tips of the medium and large arm covers are also lined with white and thus form two clearly visible, light wing bands. The second to sixth control feathers are blue-gray at the base, black in the middle and show a broad white end band in the subspecies S. o. Meena and a gray end band in the nominate form . The neck shows a rounded spot on the sides, which consists of fine, parallel, black stripes on a blue-gray background. The legs are red, the beak dark gray. Both sexes look the same.
The song is similar to that of the wood pigeon, cooing dull.
Distribution, habitat and existence
The range of the species includes the taiga of Central Siberia, the forest steppe of South Siberia and the mountain forests of Central Asia. It partially overlaps with the range of the turtledove. In Siberia, the range of the oriental turtle dove extends from the south of the Urals to Sakhalin . In the south it extends to Kazakhstan , eastern Iran, Afghanistan and southern India. The species is also found in Japan and Taiwan as well as in northern Indochina and Hainan . The pigeons that breed in the northern part of the range overwinter south of the Himalayas . Occasionally they also occur as far as Sri Lanka and the middle of Thailand.
The habitat of the oriental turtle pigeon are the edges of the forest and some cultivated land with forest in the warm Palearctic and the cooler tropics. The altitude distribution extends from the lowlands to altitudes of 4,000 meters above sea level. It is usually absent in densely forested areas and deserts. It also looks for food on cultivated areas and is particularly common in stubble fields.
There is no reliable information on the size of the world population or on population trends, but the species is common at least in parts of its range. It is therefore considered safe by the IUCN . It is a common species in parts of its range.
Way of life
The oriental turtle dove lives individually, in pairs or in small groups. Larger gatherings only occur at migration times or in places with a particularly plentiful supply of food. The oriental turtle pigeon looks for its food mainly on the ground. The food spectrum includes seeds and, to a lesser extent, sprouts.
The oriental turtle doves occurring in the northern range are migratory birds. They leave their breeding grounds in August to October and return in April to May. The period of reproduction varies depending on the location. In the north of the distribution area, the oriental turtle doves breed from May to August. In the south of India, however, the breeding season extends from November to February. The nest is built in a tree or bush and is a loosely joined platform made of branches. The clutch comprises two eggs. They are incubated by both parent birds for 15 to 16 days. The young birds fledge after 15 to 17 days.
Systematics
According to molecular genetic studies of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the cell nucleus DNA, the oriental turtle dove forms the sister taxon of a species pair consisting of the turtle dove and the Adamau turtle dove ( S. hypopyrrha ).
Keeping in human care
The oriental turtle dove was first shown at the London Zoo in 1864. The species is considered to be much quieter and more suitable for keeping in an aviary than the European turtle dove. But for a long time it was only imported very rarely. The first oriental turtle pigeons that came into German wild pigeon keeping were imported in 1982 via what was then Czechoslovakia .
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rösler, p. 117
- ↑ Münst, p. 173
- ↑ a b c Gibbs, p. 245
- ^ Gibbs, p. 246
- ^ KP Johnson, S. de Kort, K. Dinwoodey, AC Mateman, C. ten Cate, CM Lessells and DH Clayton: A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera Streptopelia and Columba. The Auk 118, Issue 4, 2001: pp. 874-887 full text as pdf
- ↑ Rösler, p. 118
- ↑ Münst, p. 172
literature
- David Gibbs, Eustace Barnes and John Cox: Pigeons and Doves - A Guide to the Pigeons and Doves of the World . Pica Press, Sussex 2001, ISBN 90-74345-26-3 .
- Alois Münst and Josef Wolters: Tauben - The species of wild pigeons , 2nd expanded and revised edition, Verlag Karin Wolters, Bottrop 1999, ISBN 3-9801504-9-6 .
- Gerhard Rösler: The wild pigeons of the earth - free living, keeping and breeding .
- Lars Svensson , Peter J. Grant, Killian Mullarney, Dan Zetterström: The new cosmos bird guide. Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07720-9 , pp. 382 and 390.
Web links
- Streptopelia orientalis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2008. Accessed on November 3 of 2008.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings on Streptopelia orientalis in the Internet Bird Collection