Osman Pazvantoğlu
Osman Pazvantoğlu (* around 1758 in Widin ; † 1807 ibid) was an Ottoman Janissary and Pasha von Widin.
Life
Osman Pazvantoğlu was born in 1758 into a respected Vidin Janissary family. His grandfather came from the Vilayet Bosnia , which is why he is often incorrectly referred to as a Bosnian - the family may have been of Tatar origin. As a janissary he stood u. a. also in the service of the Wallachian prince Nicolae Mavrogheni . When the Sultan Selim III. began with extensive state reforms, around 1794 Pazvantoğlu led a rebellion of the Janissaries. The rebels under Pazvantoğlu were able to temporarily bring an area from Belgrade to Varna under their control.
An Ottoman punitive expedition under Husein Küçük failed, which u. a. led to the overthrow and execution of the Wallachian prince Constantine Hangerli , as he was accused of not supporting the armed forces under Husein Küçük enough. The attempt to extend the rule of the rebels to the entire Paschalik Belgrade failed, the rebels were stopped by Serbian Heidukes who were hired by the new Belgrade Pasha Hacı Mustafa .
In order to calm the situation down again, Pazvantoğlu was given an amnesty in 1799 and appointed Pasha of Vidin. Pazvantoğlu, however, remained independent and practically ruled independently. He led numerous incursions into Wallachia, which was under Ottoman suzerainty, including the sacking of Craiova in 1801, when the city was almost completely destroyed. The news that Pazvantoğlu was approaching Bucharest prompted Prince Mihai Șutu to hire Albanian soldiers; But Șutu fled to Transylvania and left the city to the reign of terror from those soldiers who were hired for their defense, while the Romanian heathen became more and more powerful in the surrounding area. These dangerous and uncertain years coined the expression de pe vremea lui Pazvante in the Romanian language chargon , in the times of Pazvantoğlu, as a symbol of lawlessness and bad government.
Pazvantoğlu died in Vidin in 1807. He is said to have been a good friend of Rigas Velestinlis . Due to domestic and foreign political crises, the gate could not take action against him after 1799. Numerous military, religious and public buildings have been preserved in Vidin from the time of Osman Pazvantoğlu.
literature
- Rossitsa Gradeva: Osman Pazvantoğlu of Vidin: Between Old and New. in: Frederick F. Anscombe (Ed.): The Ottoman Balkans, 1750-1830. Princeton 2006. p. 115 ff.
Individual evidence
- ^ Mathias Bernath, Felix von Schroeder, Gerda Bartl (eds.): Biographical Lexicon for the History of Southeast Europe. Munich, Volume 3 1979. p. 419.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pazvantoğlu, Osman |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Ottoman Janissaries and Pasha von Vidin |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1758 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vidin |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1807 |
| Place of death | Vidin |