Palazzo Baronale (Archi)
| Palazzo Baronale | ||
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 Palazzo Baronale in Archi |
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| Creation time : | 11th century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruins | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone | |
| Place: | Archi | |
| Geographical location | 42 ° 5 '29.2 " N , 14 ° 22' 51.5" E | |
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The Palazzo Baronale is the ruin of a hilltop castle in the Italian municipality of Archi in the province of Chieti . The building is also known as Castello Lannutti - based on the last owner family. It was the fortress of the medieval settlement founded in the 11th century. The ruin is connected to the upper part of Archi by Via Palazzo and Via Occidentale ; the entrance is the Arco Cieri , which is still there today.
history
The castle was first mentioned around the year 1000, when Fara Adami , a settlement on the Sangro River , was mentioned together with Adamo , a priest, and Ranieri , a Gastalden , but the first official document that the existence of this was mentioned Castle attests to 1075, when it was mentioned in the "Catalogus Baronum".
After various feudal vicissitudes, Archi and so also this castle fell to Martino di Segua in 1559 . A number of notarial documents confirm that Martino di Segua had various restoration works carried out on the castle, of which it is not known which parts of the building were restored. Master Antonio Malerma was entrusted with the work . Martino di Segua had to auction the castle in 1563 because of various debts so that these debts would not be mentioned.
Documents from the 17th century mention the castle, even if it was of secondary importance at the time; Among these documents there is one that testifies that Giovan Battista de Marino had legal problems concerning the inheritance in 1644.
In the 18th century, the castle belonged to various feudal lords, the last officially from the Adimari di Bomba family : after the death of Giovanni Ademari, Marchese di Bomba , the village of Archi was released from feudal rule in 1806. Eventually it fell to the Lannutti family , hence the name until the German conquest in 1943. In fact, the Nazis used the castle as a military control station over the Sangro Valley to watch the arrival of New Zealand and Indian troops from Perano . After it turned out that it was not possible to monitor the area, the Wehrmacht withdrew to the mountains of the upper Sangro, abandoned the castle and damaged it. Today it is in a very bad state of preservation and is awaiting restoration. Only the western and southern curtain wall remained. Of the rest, there are only a few sections that give an idea of the original surrounding wall, as well as some inner walls and the foundations of the cylindrical corner towers, but not on the east side, which was completely destroyed.
description
Originally the castle had a rectangular floor plan with two main towers, which had sloping walls and were placed in the south-west and south-east corners, the first with a round plan, which you can still see in parts today, with a diameter of 7.5 meters, the others are square in plan with a round base. On the north side was an embankment that collapsed completely when it was destroyed by the Nazis and today carries the village's radio and television antennas; the roundabout consists of a wall in the shape of a truncated cone , whereas in the northeast it consists of a cylindrical body. The views of the east and west side are attached to the original, closed walls of the curtain wall, which raised the fortress on the landslide hill and represented a kind of double wall defense for the attackers.
Various loopholes can also be seen on the outer wall of the castle to allow the use of bows and arrows and cannons; probably because of the shape of the terrain there was no moat . Of the loopholes, an interesting one is still visible on the side of the cylindrical tower, made with a frame made of square stones. The middle block, which has now disappeared, was converted into an aristocratic residence and had dimensions of 40 meters × 34 meters and an inner courtyard of 17 meters × 13 meters with a well and cistern . Only a few horizontal parts of the castle have survived, such as B. the cross vaults or the brick vaults, but also a flat wooden floor with beams; Part of the portal with a basket arch in connection with the entrance hall, built from limestone blocks , like the loopholes, remained, and there are original individual windows on the inside on the first and second floors of the residential palace.
The outer walls are generally made of river pebbles, masonry bricks and stones from the hill with no changes or modifications, a sign that the castle was built in one piece, without any extensions other than the conversion of the inner palace into a noble residence. Unfortunately the entire interior of the building was lost due to the barbaric destruction by the Nazis; you can only see it together with the floor plan of the castle in historical prewar photographs; Only a part of the south-western walls, connected to the village by the Via Occidentale and the Via Palazzo , with the ruins of the square tower in the south-east and the undamaged cylindrical tower in the south-west, except for the upper part, have been preserved .
Picture gallery
View of the castle
bastion
Interior of the castle
Individual evidence
- ^ Giovanni Albani Lattanzi: Castello di Archi (CH) . Inabruzzo. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
- ^ Guida ai castelli d'Abruzzo . Carsa, Pescara 2000. p. 146
- ↑ Archi, Ruderi del Castello baronale . In: Storia medievale dai castelli ai monstra . Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
swell
- Lucio Como et al .: Archi: dal borgo medievale alla casa comunale . Tinari, Ari 1994.
- Marialuce Latini: Guide ai Castelli d'Abruzzo . Carsa, Pescara 2000. ISBN 88-85854-87-7 . P. 146: Archi (CH) - Il Castello .
- Palazzo baronale . Sangroaventino. 2004. Retrieved October 9, 2009.
