Pamban Bridge
Coordinates: 9 ° 16 ′ 57 ″ N , 79 ° 12 ′ 6 ″ E
| Pamban Bridge | ||
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| place |
Mandapam (mainland) Pamban (island) |
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| location | ||
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| Pamban Bridge (Railway) | |
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| construction | Solid steel girder bridge with luffing bridge over the shipping route |
| overall length | 2065 m |
| opening | February 29, 1914 |
| Pamban Bridge (road) | |
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| Official name | Annai Indira Gandhi Road Bridge |
| construction | Prestressed concrete bridge |
| overall length | 2345 m |
| start of building | 1974 |
| opening | 1988 |
Pamban Bridge ( English Pamban Bridge , Tamil பாம்பன் பாலம் ) is a connection consisting of a railroad and a road bridge in the Ramanathapuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu , which leads from the mainland to the island of Pamban in the Palk Bay .
Railway bridge
First reflections on the construction of a bridge to improve the trade routes to Ceylon were from the British colonial administration employed already in the 1870s. Construction of the bridge began in 1911.
The meter-gauge steel solid wall girder bridge , opened on February 24, 1914, is 2065 meters long between the two banks. It is about five meters above the water on 143 concrete pillars that are spaced about 13 meters apart. A bascule bridge consisting of two luffing arms in half-timbered construction with a span of 65.23 meters is inserted about 430 meters from the bank on the pambans side . Until recently, this was opened by hand for the 10 to 15 larger ships per month and was India's only sea bridge until the opening of the Bandra – Worli Sea Link near Mumbai in 2009. Although it suffered from the humid climate and was damaged by the Rameshwaram cyclone in 1964, it is essentially the original bridge. The railway line was of Indian Railways on broad gauge umgespurt and reopened on 12 August 2007 after previously nor the demolition was considered. In 2009 the bridge was reinforced for freight traffic, with the mounting of the rocker arms being provided with additional lateral supports. Indian Railways is trying to bridge to the World Heritage List of UNESCO to bring.
Railway bridge
Railway bridge partial view
Road bridge
The two-lane road bridge Annai Indira Gandhi Road Bridge, opened in 1988, runs parallel to the railway bridge about 40 meters south . It is a 2345 meter long prestressed concrete bridge supported by 79 pillars. Its construction began in 1974 by a local construction company, but had to be interrupted in 1979 due to technical and other difficulties. After the work was continued from 1983, the bridge was opened to traffic in 1988.
The shipping route is crossed by a five-span cantilever bridge, the girder of which is designed as a two-cell haunched hollow box . The middle opening has a span of 115 m and the two outer ones each 68 meters.
The remainder of the bridge consists of 53 27 m long fields on the Mandapam side and 12 such on the Pampan side, which are not passable by shipping, where a further nine 27.6 m long fields join the road in an arch over the Run railroad. Each of the fields is 27 m long and consists of four adjacent I-beams, which were prefabricated from prestressed concrete and, after being placed on the pillars, were provided with a cross-tensioned concrete slab.
The road slab of the road is 10.64 meters wide and is used by a 7.5 m wide carriageway with two 1.6 m wide sidewalks on both sides. From both banks the viaduct has a steady gradient up to the crossing of the shipping channel.
The entire structure is protected against the very aggressive salty atmosphere by a corrosion coating
Road bridge
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Pamban bridge: 10 awesome facts about India's first sea bridge. The Economic Times, accessed February 25, 2014 .
- ↑ Pampan Bridge. In: Structurae
- ^ Walter Scott: Kalam inaugurates centenary celebrations of Pamban bridge. In: The Hindu . January 29, 2014, accessed February 25, 2014 .
- ^ Report of November 21, 2003 in The Hindu Business Line , accessed April 2, 2010
- ↑ Technical description of the bridge and the renovation work ( memento of April 21, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on April 3, 2010
- ↑ Article on the conversion in The Hindu of September 16, 2006 , accessed April 3, 2010
- ^ Image of the half-open bridge in an article in the Sri Lanka Guardian of January 18, 2008, accessed April 5, 2010
- ^ R. Bhaskaran, N. Palaniswamy, NS Rengaswamy: Life-cycle cost analysis of a concrete road bridge across open sea. Retrieved November 10, 2016 .
- ↑ a b c Giridhar R. Haridas, Mohan V. Jatkar, Duraisamy Srinivasan: Bridging Pamban strait near Rameshwaram Island in India . doi : 10.5169 / seals-13857 .
- ↑ SA Reddi: Designer-contractor interaction for bridge projects . doi : 10.5169 / seals-41121 .
- ^ Pamban Bridge (street). In: Structurae