Papas Antiguas de Canarias

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Papas Antiguas de Canarias,
variety Papa negra

Papas Antiguas de Canarias are potatoes of the varieties grown in the Canary Islands since the 16th century. They are also called regional, traditional or colorful potatoes. The name Papas Antiguas de Canarias is a protected designation of origin .

origin

Papas Antiguas de Canarias are the tubers of the potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), the subspecies Andigena, (coming from the Andes ) Tuberosum and Chaucha. The potatoes were brought directly from America to the Canary Islands in the 16th century and grown there in climatic zones similar to their regions of origin. An export of potatoes from Gran Canaria to Antwerp is known from 1567 . It is also reported that in 1574 a ship with potatoes sailed from Tenerife to Rouen . The Papas Antiguas de Canarias grown today have been adapted to the taste demands of the population over more than 400 years, but also to the very different climatic and soil conditions of the islands. They are therefore considered to be autochthonous species of the Canary Islands.

Growing area

The area on which Papas Antiguas de Canarias are grown is around 1,000 hectares. 90% of them are on the island of Tenerife. The traditional potato growing areas are particularly on the north side of the islands of La Palma and Tenerife between 200 and 800 m above sea level. NHN on the south side between 600 and 800 m above sea level. NHN. In Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura , the cultivation of traditional varieties and the associated culture have been lost. The requirements in terms of soil, weather and light conditions are different for the individual varieties. The plantings are mostly in small fields on the edge of wooded areas. Crop rotation is necessary to reduce infestation by pests and diseases and to give the soil the opportunity to regenerate. The areas on which the Papas Antiguas are grown are only suitable for the cultivation of a few other agricultural products due to their location and nature.

Special properties

Papas Antiguas de Canarias,
variety Papa bonita

The Papas Antiguas de Canarias are not big. Their diameter is between 1 cm and 8 cm. They are usually round and often have deep eyes. The skin is, depending on the variety, black-purple to brown, but also lighter pink to orange. The meat is cream-colored to yolk- yellow ( yema de huevo ). When cooked, most types of meat are creamy or buttery, rarely floury.

The potato varieties of the Andigena subgroup generally have a long growing season, so that in contrast to other varieties, several harvests per year are hardly possible with these varieties. The yields of the traditional varieties are 1:10. This means that you can harvest ten times the amount of potatoes from a certain amount of seed potatoes. The ratio for the new varieties is 1:25.

Today's meaning

The Papas Antiguas de Canarias make up about 3% of the potatoes produced in the Canary Islands. The other types of potato grown in the Canary Islands are called "Papas blancas" or "Papas comerciales". These are varieties that came from mainland Spain in the course of the 18th and 19th centuries and South American varieties that were brought back from Colombia and Venezuela by returnees in the 1970s and 1980s . The rest are high-yielding varieties grown primarily in Gran Canaria, the seed potatoes of which are mostly also obtained from the United Kingdom.

60% of the potatoes eaten in the Canary Islands are imports from the United Kingdom , Denmark , Morocco and Egypt . In gastronomy , guests are served as “papas arrugadas”, usually imported from the United Kingdom, of the King Edward variety.

Only potatoes of certain varieties that have been harvested in the Canary Islands may be called Papas Antiguas de Canarias, even if their seed potatoes come from the Canary Islands. These specialties of the Canarian cuisine are not regarded as a filling side dish, but as delicacies that are eaten together with special sauces (mojos). Papa negra is one of the most expensive types of potato. These potatoes are an integral part of the island's traditional cuisine and one of the quality products most valued by island visitors and tourists.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 1005/2012 of the Commission of October 25, 2012 , accessed on September 27, 2016 . In: Official Journal of the European Union .
  2. ^ Jaime Gil González: El cultivo tradicional de la papa en la isla de Tenerife. Ed .: Asociación granate. La Laguna 1997, ISBN 84-605-6684-6 , p. 11 (Spanish, [1] [accessed September 26, 2016]).
  3. ↑ Maite Ilarduya et al .: Variedades de patata y papas españolas. Ed .: NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario. Ruiz de Galarreta JI, Ríos DJ (Eds.), Vitoria-Gasteiz 2008, ISBN 978-84-612-3401-1 , pp. 25th f . (Spanish).
  4. ↑ Cristóbal D. Peñate: Canarias, la comunidad que más papas consume en España . In: Canarias ahora . December 26, 2015 (Spanish, [2] [accessed September 27, 2016]).
  5. ↑ Águedo Marrero: Cultivos tradicionales de papas en Canarias: la otra biodiversidad . In: Rincones del Atlántico . No. 4 , 2007, ISSN  1698-8957 , p. 45 (Spanish, [3] [accessed September 27, 2016]).
  6. ↑ Publication of a registration application no. 510/2006. , accessed September 19, 2016 . In: Official Journal of the European Union.
  7. ↑ Maite Ilarduya et al .: Variedades de patata y papas españolas . Ed .: NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario. Ruiz de Galarreta JI, Ríos DJ (Eds.), Vitoria-Gasteiz 2008, ISBN 978-84-612-3401-1 , pp. 22 (Spanish).
  8. ↑ Karl Kunze: Potato varieties of the Canaries: From "papas arrugadas" and the long journey of the earth fruits . In: Lanzarote 37º . ( [4] [accessed September 26, 2016]).
  9. ↑ Desirée Afonso Morales et al .: Variedades Agrícolas Tradicionales de Tenerife y La Palma . Ed .: Esther Morero Bello. Asaga canarias - Agricomac, 2012, p. 30 (Spanish, [5] [accessed September 28, 2016]).
  10. ↑ Maite Ilarduya et al .: Variedades de patata y papas españolas. Ed .: NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario. Ruiz de Galarreta JI, Ríos DJ (Eds.), Vitoria-Gasteiz 2008, ISBN 978-84-612-3401-1 , pp. 22nd f . (Spanish).
  11. ↑ Desirée Afonso Morales et al .: Variedades Agrícolas Tradicionales de Tenerife y La Palma . Ed .: Esther Morero Bello. Asaga canarias - Agricomac, 2012, p. 34 (Spanish, [6] [accessed September 28, 2016]).
  12. ↑ Publication of a registration application No. 510/2006 , accessed on September 19, 2016 . In: Official Journal of the European Union.

literature

  • Maite Ilarduya et al .: Variedades de patata y papas españolas . Ed .: NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario. Ruiz de Galarreta JI, Ríos DJ (Eds.), Vitoria-Gasteiz 2008, ISBN 978-84-612-3401-1 (Spanish).
  • Águedo Marrero: Cultivos tradicionales de papas en Canarias: la otra biodiversidad . In: Rincones del Atlántico . No. 4 , 2007, ISSN  1698-8957 , p. 39–47 (Spanish, [7] [accessed September 27, 2016]).