Pareques acuminatus
| Pareques acuminatus | ||||||||||||
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Pareques acuminatus |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pareques acuminatus | ||||||||||||
| ( Bloch & Schneider , 1801) | ||||||||||||
The umberfish genus Pareques comprises about six species, most of which are difficult to identify due to zebra crossing ( Somalyse ). Only with the outline drawing (or using the two single-colored species) can it be seen that the species resemble the sea raven . The D1 is high to very high (the relative height, however, changes with age), so these fish in the English high-hats hot (high hats) - which at the same time Cocky (snobs) means. Pareques acuminatus , hardly gets longer than 25 centimeters.
features
The body is even shorter than that of the sea raven: high back, with a straight stomach. On a (blue-silver to) black background, five or six white (silver) stripes, not quite the same width, run slightly ascending towards the tail at a not quite the same distance. The fins are black (blue). In juvenile fish, the white bands are wider than the black, the D1 and P are lined with white, the D1 is much higher than in sexually mature animals, where it is about twice or three times as long as it is long. D2 very long (ami-shaped swimming - see fins ). Fin formula : D1 VIII-X, D2 II / 37-41, A II / 7-8, P 16-17. C rounded or edged (i.e. convex).
The small mouth is almost horizontal, but below it - when it is opened, the maxillary apparatus is activated diagonally downwards (for suction snapping). The villiform teeth are in ligaments, the outer ones on the dental are somewhat larger. Eyes large (twilight vision). No barbels, but well-developed sensory pores. 14-20 short, slender spines are on the inside of the first gill arch. The preoperculum is slightly sawed at the back. The swim bladder is simple (without extensions), carrot-shaped. The sacculite is thick, oval, the Lagenolith is reduced. Around fifty lateral scales . Small scales ( ctenoid except on the cheeks and chest ) also largely cover the D2.
Occurrence
This sociable reef inhabitant likes to stay near rock faces over detritus-rich sandy areas (up to about 60 meters depth), because it gets its food from these (mainly fine sediment-dwelling invertebrates: polychaetes , crustaceans ; more rarely small fish) and those for it in crevices and under overhangs Providing hiding spots that he keeps occupied in small groups during the day. (Like many Umberfishes, it is predominantly nocturnal.) The larvae - unlike those of the other Sciaenidae - switch to benthic life very early . This means on the one hand that Pareques does not need any brackish estuaries , but on the other hand that the larvae do not spread (quickly) over larger areas. It occurs between Chesapeake Bay and northern Brazil (to Rio de Janeiro) on all Caribbean coasts, and recently also in Bermuda. (The genus is, however, predominantly tropical in the East Pacific). It is rarely fished specifically, but is often found in trawls and ground nets, in crab traps, also on fishing rods, and from there often ends up in show aquariums, where it looks distinctive but can also cause problems (compare knight fish ) - although it does has even reproduced here.
Designations
Eques Bl. & Schn. ("Knight") was the name of the knight fish before it had to be changed (in " Equetus ") for reasons of priority . The “minor knight” was not affected by this. Greek-Latin word chimeras already existed in the late antiquity (παρ (α) - next to, with - just think of our horse, originated from paraveredus "side horse " - but veredus (<gall.) "Horse" on its own ( as a loan word) could have given (almost) "horse" again - also par (h) ippus (πάριππος) in Cassiodorus ). So simply: Pareques Gill 1876: “related to the knight fish”. acuminatus pointed, pointed.- For a time Pareques umbrosus was thought to be just a monochrome (-brownish) variant of the pointed high hat.- Vernacular it is also called "cubbyu" (Creole; allegedly because of a cubic depression between the eyes in young fish), "Obispo" (Spanish: 'bishop') and (in Brazil) "bandeirinha".
literature
- NL Chao (1995): Sciaenidae. - In: W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, W. Sommer, KE Carpenter, and VH Niem (eds.): Guia FAO para la identificacion de especies para los fines de la pesca, Pacifico centro-oriental. Volume III. Vertebrados, pp. 1427-1518. Roma (FAO).
Web link
- Pareques acuminatus on Fishbase.org (English)
Individual proof
- ^ H. Powles and WE Burgess (1978): Observations on benthic larvae of Pareques (Pisces: Sciaenidae) from Florida and Colombia.- Copeia 1978: 169-172.