Pavel Nikolaevich Yablotschkow

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Pavel Nikolaevich Yablotschkow
The monument on the grave of PN Yablochkov (Sapozhok village, Rtishchevsky district)

Pawel Nikolajewitsch Jablotschkow ( Russian Павел Николаевич Яблочков ; * September 2, July / September 14,  1847 greg. In Serdobsk near Saratow , Russian Empire ; † March 19, July / March 31,  1894 greg. In Saratow) was a Russian engineer and inventor .

Live and act

Jablotschkow studied engineering and physics at the St. Petersburg Military Engineering University . After working in the army, he worked in the telegraph system and devoted himself to electrical engineering research.

Among other things, he dealt with the problem of ensuring a constant electrode spacing in the carbon arc lamps of the time, despite the constant burn-off on the electrodes . In 1875 he presented his simple solution: he arranged the carbon electrodes parallel to one another and separated them with an insulating layer that burned off with the electrodes. He patented the so-called “ Yablotschkow candle ” in Paris in 1876 and produced it on an industrial scale. He also dealt with the economical use of his lamps in larger lighting systems.

In 1879, he set out with a company for electric lighting systems independently and worked at the same time to improve more electrical devices such as dynamos and accumulators. He presented his products at all important exhibitions of his time in Russia and other European countries. The Jablotschkow candles were replaced by the differential arc lamp invented by Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck . Jablotschkow could no longer assert himself against the emerging powerful competition in the field of lighting systems (differential arc lamp from Siemens and incandescent lamp from Edison ).

At the end of the 1880s, Jablotschkow developed an electric vehicle that, along with the electric car from the German machine works A. Flocken, was one of the first cars with an electric drive.

Honors

Since 1995, the Russian Academy of Sciences has awarded the Yablotschkow Prize for outstanding achievements in the field of electrical engineering.

literature

  • Wolfgang König, Wolfhard Weber; Networks, steel and electricity , Propylaen Verlag 1997, ISBN 3-549-07113-2

Web links

Commons : Pawel Nikolajewitsch Jablotschkow  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ From the history of the development of the automobile In: Motor vehicle technology 4/1954, p. 97.
  2. ↑ P. N. Jablotschkow Prize. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed August 7, 2018 ( Russian Премия имени П.Н. Яблочкова ).
personal data
SURNAME Jablotschkow, Pavel Nikolajewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Яблочков, Павел Николаевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian engineer and inventor
DATE OF BIRTH September 14, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Serdobsk near Saratov , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH March 31, 1894
Place of death Saratov