Pavel Trofimowitsch Morosow

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Official portrait of Pawel "Pawlik" Morosow as a young pioneer
Actual photo of Morosow (in the middle of the top row)

Pawel Trofimowitsch Morosow (also known as Pawlik Morosow ; Russian Павел Трофимович Морозов or Павлик Морозов ; born November 14, 1918 in the village of Gerasimovka in the Sverdlovsk Oblast , Urals ; † September 3, 1932 , was a Soviet peasant, who was together with a Soviet peasant, who was a peasant with ebenda his brother Fyodor - according to the official Soviet reading - is said to have been slain by relatives of his " reactionary " father, a " kulak ". The father had been arrested because Morosow had reported him for hiding grain .

This made Morosow a socialist hero and icon, so he was referred to as Hero Pioneer No. 001 , although he was not a member of the pioneer organization . His fate - now doubted - served to justify and propagandistically enforce collectivization .

The Russian journalist Yuri Druzhnikov had been following the case since the mid-1980s and concluded that there were many indications that the children had been killed by local OGPU officials and that several “reactionary kulaks” in the village had been blamed for their deaths had long resisted collectivization. They were arrested, sentenced to death and executed . As a result of this show trial , the remaining individual farmers in the village gave up and founded a kolkhoz .

A film made by Sergei Eisenstein about Morosow in 1936/37 , The Beshin Meadow (Бежин луг - Beschin lug), was not completed after Stalin's personal intervention .

literature

  • Catriona Kelly: Comrade Pavlik: The Rise and Fall of a Soviet Boy Hero , London: Granta Books 2005, ISBN 1-86207-747-9 .
  • Franziska Thun-Hohenstein: Pawlik Morosow - a Soviet "hero pioneer". On the media construction of a socialist child martyr . In: Silvia Horsch and Martin Treml: Border Crossers of Religious Cultures. Cultural studies contributions to the present and history of the martyrs. Fink, Paderborn 2011, ISBN 978-3-7705-5076-0 , p. 315.

Web links

Commons : Pavel Morozov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Morosow, Pavel Trofimowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Morosow, Pawlik; Морозов, Павел Трофимович; Морозов, Павлик
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet farm boy
DATE OF BIRTH November 14, 1918
PLACE OF BIRTH Gerasimovka
DATE OF DEATH September 3, 1932
Place of death Gerasimovka