Pax (mythology)
Pax ( Latin for "peace") is the personification of peace in Roman mythology . Its Greek equivalent is Eirene , the daughter of Zeus and Themis .
She was the patroness of Augustus and an expression of his political program, the Pax Romana . He supported her cult by dedicating statues and altars to her and vowed on July 7, 13 BC. The establishment of the Ara Pacis on the Marsfeld ( Campus Martius ), which took place on January 30th 9 BC. Was consecrated.
Another temple of the Pax, the Temple of Peace ( Templum Pacis ) on the Forum Pacis was built by Vespasian in 75 AD and commemorated the Roman victory in the war against the Jews .
It is usually represented with the attributes olive, olive branch, cornucopia and a scepter. There are also illustrations with a laurel, lance, helmet and shield.
literature
- Georg Wissowa : Pax . In: Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher (Hrsg.): Detailed lexicon of Greek and Roman mythology . Volume 3.2, Leipzig 1909, Sp. 1719-1722 ( digitized version ).
- Nathan R. Heatley: The cult of Pax and the Templum Pacis. Austin, Tex., Univ. of Texas, Diss., 1976
- Erika Simon: Pax . In: Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Volume VII, Zurich / Munich 1994, pp. 134-138.
- Johannes Scherf: Pax 2. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 9, Metzler, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-476-01479-7 , column 455 f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cassius Dio 54, 35, 2; Ovid Fasti 3, 881.
- ^ Res Gestae Divi Augusti 12.
- ^ Suetonius Vespasian 9, 1.