Perissodini

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Perissodini
Perissodus microlepis

Perissodus microlepis

Systematics
without rank: Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Ovalentaria
Order : Cichliformes
Family : Cichlids (Cichlidae)
Subfamily : Pseudocrenilabrinae
Tribe : Perissodini
Scientific name
Perissodini
Poll , 1986

The Perissodini are a tribe of the cichlids (Cichlidae). All species of Perissodini are endemic to Lake Tanganyika .

features

The nine types of Perissodini are 11 to 30 cm long, have loud mouths and have a rather elongated to high-backed shape. Perissodus species are scale eaters and feed on the nutrient-poor scales of other fish species, which they gnaw off the sides of their bodies. In adaptation to this diet, their mouth is asymmetrical and their teeth are bent and flattened in a hook-shaped manner. They sneak up on large-scale fish from behind, always from the same side, and suddenly press their wide-open mouth against one side of the body so that the hook-shaped teeth can slide under some scales and pry them out. Perissodini themselves have very small scales, probably to protect themselves from attacks by their fellow species. Perissodus microlepis and Perissodus straeleni live close to the shore in shallow water, while the other Perissodini occur in deeper areas. Haplotaxodon and Xenochromis , the two other genera of the tribe, feed on zooplankton and detritus. They form the basal sister genera of the rest. All Perissodini species are mouthbrooders .

Species and genera

Haplotaxodon microlepis

Systematics

The sister group of the Perissodini are the pelagic and plankton-eating Cyprichromini , the sister group of the clade from Cyprichromini and Perissodini are the Benthochromini . The following cladogram illustrates the family relationships :



 Benthochromini


   

 Cyprichromini


  Perissodini  
  Haplotaxodon  

 Haplotaxodon microlepis , shrimp + organic particles


   

 Haplotaxodon trifasciatus , shrimp + organic particles



   
  Xenochromis  

 Xenochromis hecqui ; Copepods, fry, detritus


   

 Perissodus multidentatus , scales + fish skin


   

 Perissodus elaviae , scales


   

 Perissodus eccentricus , scales


   

 Perissodus paradoxus , scales


   

 Perissodus microlepis , scales


   

 Perissodus straeleni , scales











Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

literature

  • Stephan Koblmüller, Bernd Egger, Christian Sturmbauer, Kristina M. Sefc (2007): Evolutionary history of Lake Tanganyika's scale-eating cichlid fishes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44, 1295-1305. doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2007.02.010
  • Walter Lechner: Perissodini. Asymmetrical jaws in Lake Tanganyika scale eaters. PDF in DATZ 2010/07
  • Søren Neergaard: Tanganyika - Cichlids . Kernen Verlag, 1982, ISBN 3-8740-1005-8
  • Rieko Takahashi, Katsutoshi Watanabe, Mutsumi Nishida & Michio Hori (2007): Evolution of feeding specialization in Tanganyikan scale-eating cichlids: A molecular phylogenetic approach. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 195. doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2148-7-195

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Plecodus in the Catalog of Fishes (English)

See also