Permanent storage medium

A permanent storage medium - also called non-volatile memory in general - is an information or data storage medium that stores its information persistently . There are different types of storage media, for example read-only, write-once or rewritable data carriers for electronic data backup . Permanent storage is intended to keep data permanently.

Physical and optical storage

The permanent storage media include writings that have been scratched into stone and wood (runes, hieroglyphs), clay tablets with cuneiform writing and printed media such as books or magazines. In general, these cannot be rewritten and differ in the durability of the materials used, as well as in their handling, stress or aging.

Which includes:

• Script or symbols carved in stone
• Murals and pictures
• printed paper, certificates, documents
• Record , CD
• Punch cards , punched strips
• Photographs and rolls of film

Examples of overwritable media :

• Writing boards

Electronic, optical and magnetic memories

Electronic memories are media that store data in or on electronic components or circuits. These can be divided into three groups.

1. Volatile memories - for example, lose their information when they are disconnected from the battery
2. Semi-permanent memory - the stored information is stored permanently but is changeable
3. Secondary or permanent memory - once entered data cannot be changed or overwritten, but the information is retained in the event of a power failure. They are therefore also referred to as non-volatile data storage media.

The advantage of electronic storage media is their high storage capacity. One disadvantage is the relatively rapid aging of the information carriers. This process can destroy important information.

Permanent memories include all read-only memories

• CD-ROM , CD-R , DVD-ROM , DVD ± R
• ROM (Read-Only Memory)
• PROM ( Programmable Read-Only Memory )

Examples of rewritable (semi-permanent) carrier media:

• Magnetic tape ( music cassette , video cassette , audio tape , digital audio tape , datasette )
• RAM ( random access memory , working memory in the computer)
• rewritable floppy disks , CD or DVD and hard disk drives , SD cards ,
• Flash memory , e.g. B. USB sticks
• Magnetic core memory , magnetic stripe cards

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Hard Drive Rescue - Data Recovery / Storage Media. (No longer available online.) Festplatten-rettung.net, archived from the original on February 9, 2016 ; accessed on May 12, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ Electronic storage (PDF, p. 5) on wr.informatik.uni-hamburg.de