Peter Kaiser (medic, 1932)

Martin Hans Peter Kaiser (born August 4, 1932 in Arnswalde ) is a German human geneticist and gynecologist , as well as a former professor of medical genetics in Marburg and Tübingen and vice president of the University of Tübingen .

Life

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Peter Kaiser is the second of four children of the land registry director Felix Kaiser and his wife Ellen, b. Gebigke. From 1938 he attended elementary and high school in Arnswalde and - after fleeing due to the war in February 1945 - in Altenburg / Thuringia . In 1950 he passed his Abitur examination there. Afterwards he was a bricklayer student (journeyman's examination 1951) and auxiliary nurse in denominational hospitals in Altenburg and Leipzig .

In 1952 he began to study medicine in Leipzig, which he completed in 1957 with a state examination and doctorate under Robert Schröder . From 1958 he worked as a compulsory assistant at the miners' hospital in Senftenberg and as a general practitioner in the Großräschen company polyclinic . In 1962, he moved to East Berlin to the Pathological Institute of the hospital in Friedrichshain . In 1963 he married the future dentist Dr. Barbara Kaiser, b. Schlodder.

In 1965 Kaiser became assistant at the gynecological clinic at the Friedrichshain hospital , from 1968 he was a specialist in gynecology and obstetrics and from 1971 senior physician at the same clinic. In addition to routine work in the clinic and delivery room, he carried out cytological cervical diagnostics and, as a teaching assistant, was responsible for the training of medical students. In addition to general gynecological / obstetric issues, the scientific focus was on cervical cancer and its preliminary and early stages. In an effort to specify the cytological and histological diagnosis of cervical cancer, he established a laboratory for the then new method of chromosome analysis in the Friedrichshain Women's Clinic from 1968 - with the theoretical support of Regine Witkowski . This method - so the idea was - could also be used for the causal clarification of malformations and other diseases, primarily in newborns or prenatally. During this time, together with colleagues from the clinic, he developed a program for the prevention of cervical cancer for the Friedrichshain / Berlin district. The written presentation of this program to the “General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED” met with incomprehension, especially from the hospital management as a whole, and led to disciplinary measures against one of the co-authors.

In 1973 he and his family managed to flee to the Federal Republic of Germany, an occasion to change his previous professional focus: From October 1973, he took over the management of the pilot project launched a year earlier to establish a genetic outpatient clinic at the Institute for Human Genetics of the Medical Faculty Philipps University of Marburg . At the genetic polyclinic, the rapidly growing genetic knowledge and diagnostic possibilities, including cytogenetic and biochemical methods, should be made directly accessible to the patient and the treating physician. This made Kaiser the first gynecologist in Germany to focus full-time on the new subject "Clinical Genetics"

Together with the University Women's Clinic, the Marburg prenatal diagnostics were set up with the new methods of amniocentesis and chorionic biopsy with the corresponding cell cultures as part of a nationwide program of several German universities . In addition, his scientific interest was in chromosome aberrations, especially pericentric inversions. A final project in Marburg, financed by the Federal Ministry for Youth, Family and Health, laid the foundation for the automation of chromosome analysis in the pre-digital era. In 1979 he received the additional medical designation "Medical Genetics" newly created by the German Medical Association. In 1979 he received his habilitation in human genetics and was appointed private lecturer and in 1985 professor.

From 1983 to 1986, as a result of a serious illness of the director of the institute, he acted provisionally as director with all tasks of the "Institute for Human Genetics with Genetic Polyclinic of the University of Marburg" in teaching, patient care and research. In 1987 he followed a call as Professor of Clinical Genetics and Medical Director of the Department of Clinical Genetics at the Institute for Anthropology and Human Genetics of the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen at the Medical Faculty and was co-opted by the Biological Faculty at the same time. This department was probably the oldest of its kind in Germany, approved (by decree from Stuttgart) in 1966 and headed since 1968 by Walter F. Haberlandt , who retired in 1986.

In 1995 Kaiser became a specialist in human genetics with the official introduction of the new specialty by the German Medical Association (probably the oldest newly appointed). As the head of the Medical Genetics department, he was authorized to undertake full further training and was a member of the “Medical Training” committee of the Baden-Württemberg State Medical Association. For years he worked in the forerunners of the current "International Center for Ethics in Science" at the University of Tübingen.

From 1982 he had several functions in the university self-administration of the Universities of Marburg and Tübingen (convent, construction officer, senate, board of directors). From 1995 to 1997 he was vice-president (prorector) of the Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen. In the winter semester 2001 he was given retirement.

Scientific publications (selection)

• with H. Randow: The healing results of the collum carcinoma in the years from 1953 to 1961 . Zbl. Gynec. 89th jr. (1967), pp. 1793-1800
• with H. Randow: On the question of the healing expectation of microcollum carcinoma; Obstetrics and gynecology 1968, pp. 453–461
• with L. Moltz, E. Buchmann: Clinical experiences of 15 years of intensive H III (approx. in situ) search and therapy . German. Ges.wesen 25th Jrg. (1970) pp. 2282-2284
• with L. Moltz: Working study on the organization of the registration and treatment of precursors of cervical cancer .
  • Part I Zschr. Medical advanced training 67th Jrg. (1972) pp. 92-95
  • Part II Zschr. Medical advanced training 67th Jrg. (1972) pp. 206-207
• The Practice of Genetic Counseling in Hereditary Diseases: Risk and Prevention . Ed. GG Wendt, Med. Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Marburg, 1975, 145 - 156
• with E. Bautz, M. Kohlhaas, F. Rauh, G. Schreiber, F. Vogel: The subject made to measure - Can and may we manipulate genetic material? A discussion of genetics and society . Seewald Verlag, Stuttgart, 1975
• 5 years genetic polyclinic in Marburg - practical experience in genetic counseling . In “Primary Prevention” eds. W. Grote, K. Hartung, GG Wendt, Medical Publishing Company mbH, Marburg, 1978
• Pericentric Inversions of Human Chromosomes (Volume VI of the Topics in Human Genetics series ). Ed. by PE Becker, W. Lenz, F. Vogel, GG Wendt, Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1980
• Pericentric inversions, problems and significance for clinical genetics . Hum Genet (1984) 68: 1-47
• Pericentric Inversions: Their problems and clinical significance . In: The cytogenetic of mammalian autosomal rearrangements . Pp. 163-247. Art Daniel (Ed.) 1988, Alan R. Liss, New York, Inc. Progress and Topics in Cytogenetics Volume 8
• with P. Steueragel, J. Schwuchow: Automation of chromosome examinations in the context of genetic counseling; Possibilities of their automation and the report on the development and testing of an image analysis system for the search for and evaluation of metaphases . Federal Health Gazette 28, No. 10/1985, 301
• Genetic causes of spontaneous abortions . In: HR Tinneberg, A. Hirsch (Ed.): The disturbed early pregnancy . Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart / New York, 1990
• with R. Keller, HL Günther: Embryo Protection Act . Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Berlin / Cologne
• with J. Murken (ed.): What one should know about genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis . German Green Cross , Marburg
• Genetic foundations of reproduction, pathomechanisms and prenatal diagnostics . In: Modern reproductive medicine . Edited by HR Tinneberg and Ch. Ottmar, G. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart / New York 1995
• Günther / Taupitz / Kaiser (2008): Embryo Protection Act Legal commentary with medical and scientific introductions . Verlag W. Kohlhammer Stuttgart (second edition = first edition with Taupitz)
• Günther / Taupitz / Kaiser (2014): Embryo Protection Act - Legal commentary with medical and scientific principles . Verlag W. Kohlhammer Stuttgart (third edition = second edition with Taupitz)

swell

• Archive Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics University Hospital Tübingen, University Archive Tübingen

Individual evidence

1. ^ S. Genetics and Society- Marburger Forum Philippinum Ed. GG Wendt 1970
2. ^ Genetic advice, a model experiment by the federal government, BMJFG 1979