Phare de Dunkerque
| Phare de Dunkerque | ||
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| Place: |
 France , Dunkerque
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| Location: | Nord , Hauts-de-France , France | |
| Geographical location: | 51 ° 2 '56 " N , 2 ° 21' 51.9" E | |
| Fire carrier height : | 56 m | |
| Fire height : | 59 m | |
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| Identifier : | Fl (2) W.10s | |
| Optics: | Fresnel lens | |
| Operating mode: | Halogen 1000 W | |
| Function: | Orientation fire | |
| Operating time: | since 1843 | |
| International ordinal number: | A 1114 | |
The Phare de Dunkerque , also called Phare de Risban , is a lighthouse on the French North Sea coast in the Nord department . It is located in the port of the city of Dunkerque and is considered the northernmost lighthouse in France.
location
At the current location of the lighthouse, the Fort de Risban was built from 1681 on a sandbank about 800 meters from the city according to plans by the fortress builder Vauban . A lighthouse already belonged to this fort, but was razed together with the lighthouse as a result of the Peace of Utrecht in 1713 . Rebuilt from 1741, torn down again due to the Peace of Aachen in 1748 , the last restoration took place from 1806. After the Fort Risban had already been partially destroyed by spring tides in 1825, it was abandoned by 1848.
history
The "General Program for the Illumination of the Coasts of France" ( Program général d'éclairage des côtes de France ) initiated by Fresnel and Roussel in 1825 already provided for the construction of a lighthouse in Dunkerque. The ministerial approval for its construction was only granted on November 5, 1838. The contract to build the tower went to Bourdon et Compagnie for 190,000 gold francs , who built the tower in two years from 1841. Until it was put into operation in 1843, costs of 212,586 gold francs were incurred. The work to install an electrical lighting system was awarded to the engineer Lyriaud in April 1883 and lasted until 1885. For this purpose, a building was built to accommodate the generators required for power supply. The lighthouse was automated in 1985 and declared a monument historique in 2010 . The tower has also been open to the public as part of the Musée du Port since 2010 . For this purpose, a reception area was set up in 2012, which also houses an exhibition on the history of the lighthouse, the technology and the life of the lighthouse keepers.
Building
The masonry tower has a cylindrical shape and, including the lantern, reaches a height of 63 meters. The focus of the optics is at a height of 60 meters or 278 steps above the floor. The brickwork of the tower is plastered in white and has two black rings directly below the lantern, which are connected by columns that are also black. The tower has an inner diameter of 3.90 meters rises from a square base structure, the windows and doors of which are decorated with round arches.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Phare de Dunkerque. In: Mérimée database . French Ministry of Culture , accessed September 11, 2016 (French).