Philipp Hoyoll

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Philipp Hoyoll, self-portrait with a window view of the Düsseldorf Art Academy

Philipp Hoyoll (* 1816 in Breslau ; † after 1875 , probably in London ) was a German genre and portrait painter from the Düsseldorf School .

Life

Hoyoll grew up in Breslau. A walking disability forced him to use crutches (armpit supports), the symbolic illustration of which he later used as a painter's monogram. Together with his friends Raphael Schall and Amand Pelz , he studied from 1830 to 1832 at the Royal Art School in Breslau under the portrait painter Johann H. Chr. König (1777–1867). After a short stay at the Royal Academy of Arts in Berlin (1833), where Schall's friend Adolph Menzel studied, the three painter friends switched to the Düsseldorf Art Academy in 1834 . There they attended the portrait painter Karl Ferdinand Sohn's class together from 1837 . At the end of the 1830s, the painter Carl Wilhelm Hübner was also a student in this class. From 1836 to 1846 Hoyoll repeatedly sent the Berlin Academy exhibitions. From 1839 until his emigration to England in 1853 he lived again in Breslau. During the pre-March period , he witnessed violent popular uprisings among impoverished sections of the population (→ Silesian Weavers' Uprising ). In 1846, in his main work, Destruction of a Bakery Shop , he captured a scene in which people are being shot at by the Prussian military on the Neumarkt in Breslau - in front of his residence in House Neumarkt No. 2 . During the time of the German Revolution of 1848/1849 , Hoyoll published various pamphlets under the pseudonym Kilian Raschke . He pretended to be a “farmer” and “owner of the iron cross”. During his emigration between 1864 and 1872 he sent several exhibitions at the Royal Academy of Arts in London with genre paintings and portraits.

reception

Hoyoll is considered a representative of the socially critical genre image and the realistic art of the Düsseldorf School. The bourgeois-conservative criticism castigated this art as trend painting . Similar to Wilhelm Kleinenbroich , but different from Carl Wilhelm Hübner, “[Hoyoll] lacked the 'bridge' to the educated bourgeois exhibition audience [. …] For a direct, artistically 'unprocessed' entry of reality into the picture, the artist and the public were not yet ready [at the time] ”(Lilian Landes).

Works (selection)

  • Together with Raphael Schall and Amand Pelz: Three Silesian painters. Friendship and studio picture of Philipp Hoyoll (left with a crutch in front of the easel, painted by Schall), Amand Pelz (in the middle with a palette, painted by Hoyoll) and Raphael Schall (right with a pencil, painted by Pelz), 1835, Nationalgalerie Berlin
  • The bride before the wedding ceremony
  • Self-portrait depicting the old academy in Düsseldorf , between 1834 and 1839, Kunstforum Ostdeutsche Galerie , Regensburg , collection August Albrecht Haselbach (1892–1979)
  • The Troubled Painter , 1840
  • Destruction of a bakery shop (Der Sturm auf das Backhaus) , 1846, socially critical “program picture”, Kunstforum Ostdeutsche Galerie, Regensburg, loan from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia
  • Several portraits and genre pictures in England from 1853

literature

  • Lutz Tittel: Philipp Hoyoll. Destruction of a bakery. 1846 . Volume 5 of the Foyer Exhibition series , Ostdeutsche Galerie Foundation, Regensburg 1998
  • Wend von Kalnein (ed.): The Düsseldorf school of painting . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-8053-0409-9 , p. 343
  • Lilian Landes: "... a new subject in the genre". The socially critical genre image of the Düsseldorf School of Painting in an international comparison . In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Hrsg.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918 . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , p. 204 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arno Herzig: History of Silesia. From the Middle Ages to the present . CH Beck, Munich 2015, ISBN 978-3-40667-666-6 ( Google Books )
  2. ↑ Lutz Tittel, p. 25
  3. ↑ Norman Davies, Roger Moorhouse: Microcosm. Portrait of a Central European City: Breslau . Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 978-0-7126-9334-9 , p. 234 ( Google Books )
  4. ↑ Gundolf Keil : Rezenzsion to Helmut Bleiber, Walter Schmidt : Silesia on the way into bourgeois society. Movements and protagonists of Silesian democracy around 1848 . First and second half volume, trafo verlag, Berlin 2007 (= Silesia. Silesia in the European reference field. Sources and research. Volume 6). ISBN 978-3-89626-639-2 and ISBN 978-3-89626-671-2 . In: Specialized prose research - Crossing borders. Volume 8/9, 2012/2013 (2014), pp. 563-566, here: p. 565.
  5. ↑ Wend von Kalnein (Ed.), P. 343
  6. ↑ Lilian Landes, pp. 204, 205
  7. ↑ Bettina Baumgärtel: Three Silesian Painters, 1835. In: Bettina Baumgärtel (ed.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its International Radiance 1819–1918 . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , Volume 2, p. 53 (Catalog No. 29)
  8. ↑ Data sheet Three Silesian Painters , accessed on the portal bildindex.de on April 3, 2015.
  9. ^ Self-portrait depicting the old academy in Düsseldorf , website in the portal schlesischesammlungen.de , accessed on April 3, 2015
  10. ^ Museum of Art and Cultural History of the City of Dortmund, Brigitte Buberl (Ed.): From Friedrich to Liebermann. Umschau-Braus, Frankfurt am Main 1999, pp. 125, 202
  11. ↑ Lutz Tittel, p. 40
  12. ↑ Witnesses of poverty , website showing the picture in the portal tagesspiegel.de , accessed on April 3, 2015
personal data
SURNAME Hoyoll, Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German genre and portrait painter from the Düsseldorf School
DATE OF BIRTH 1816
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH after 1875
Place of death unsure: London