Phyromachus

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Phyromachus ( ancient Greek Φυρόμαχος ) was an Attic sculptor of the 2nd century BC. He is considered the last of the last of the seven greatest Greek sculptors Myron , Phidias , Polyklet , Skopas , Praxiteles and Lysipp . The design of the Pergamon Altar is ascribed to him as the most important work .

The information on Phyromachus is very sparse. Based on the written and archaeological sources, at least the existence of an important sculptor at the time of the Attalids can be proven. Pliny names him alongside other sculptors as the creator of the monumenta Attalidium , but without assigning the individual works. He was probably the creator of a famous cult statue of the god Asclepius , which was made before 156 BC. Was completed. An inscription added later names him as the creator of a portrait of Antisthenes that was copied several times and was based on an older work of art.

Due to the studies of Bernard Andreaes it is widely assumed in research that Phyromachus was the leading and style-forming Pergamene artist in the second quarter of the 2nd century BC. Was. In addition to the works mentioned, Andreae assigned him other less important works, such as the depiction of a giant (now in the National Museum of Naples ). In addition, he was the stylistic artist of the Pergamon Altar or at least had an influential role in it. Other researchers, such as Nikolaus Himmelmann , contradict Andreae at least in part. Another problem is the uncertain creative time of the sculptor. Some archaeologists date it to the 3rd century BC. Chr. Or believe in a mixture of several people. So a for the period between 296 and 292 BC could be. Phyromachus, mentioned by Pliny and known from inscriptions, was the father of the sculptor Asklapon . This Phyromachus must have been around 220 BC. Have been active. Other inscriptions mention a phyromachus who worked with the sculptor Nikeratos in the second half of the 3rd century BC. Worked together on Delos and in Kyzikos .

literature

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Pliny, Naturalis historia 34, 84.
  2. ↑ Pliny, Naturalis historia 34, 51.
personal data
SURNAME Phyromachus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Attic sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century BC BC or 2nd century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 2nd century BC Chr.