Physalis heterophylla
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Physalis heterophylla |
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Physalis heterophylla is a plant type from the genus of jujubes ( Physalis ) in the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae).
description
Physalis heterophylla is a 15 to 100 centimeter high, perennial plant that arises from a strong rhizome that is located deep underground. The shoot axes are upright to lying and often branching. The branches crawl along the ground and are ascending. The hair is tomentose and consists of simple, articulated, protruding trichomes 1 to 2 millimeters long , with shorter, glandular trichomes between them. The leaf blades of the leaves are broadly ovate to almost circular, 4 to 11 (rarely 3 to 13) centimeters long and 3 to 9 (rarely up to 10) centimeters wide. They are tomentose and often with glandular hairs. The leaves are pointed towards the front, cut off at the base to slightly heart-shaped. The leaf margin is strong and irregularly serrated to almost entire. The leaf stalks are about one to two thirds the length of the leaf blades.
The flowers stand individually in the axils of the leaves. They stand on 9 to 15 (rarely up to 20) millimeter long flower stalks . During the flowering period, the calyx is 6 to 12 millimeters long, tomentose and often covered with glandular hairs and has 3 to 6 millimeter long calyx tips. The crown is yellow in color and 10 to 17 millimeters long. There are five large, purple-brown spots in the crown throat. The anthers are 2.5 to 4.5 millimeters long, yellow in color, rarely with a blue tinge. The stamens are just as wide as the anthers, at the tip they are often conspicuously club-shaped.
On the fruit, the calyx is extended to a length of 2.5 to 4 centimeters, its width is 1.5 to 3 centimeters. The cross-section is decagonal, indented at the base. Its color is green even when the fruit is ripe. The flower stalk extends to a length of 20 to 30 millimeters.
The flowering period extends from May to September.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
distribution
The species is widespread in all states of the southeastern United States and is also found in some of the states bordering this area. It grows in open hardwood forests, on the edges of pine forests, fields, roads and in disturbed locations, often in the shade.
Systematics
Within the genus of the bladder cherries ( Physalis ), the species is classified in the section Lanceolatae of the subgenus Rydbergis .
Physalis heterophylla is similar to the cultivated Cape gooseberry ( Physalis peruviana ), which is only known from culture. The two species differ in the non-glandular hairiness and the blue to blue-tinged anthers with stamens only half as wide from Physalis peruviana and the shorter flower stalks from Physalis heterophylla .
proof
literature
- Janet R. Sullivan: The Genus Physalis (Solanaceae) in the southeastern United States . In: Rhodora , Volume 106, Number 928, 2004. pp. 305-326.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Physalis heterophylla at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Mahinda Martínez: Infrageneric Taxonomy of Physalis . In: M. Nee, DE Symon, RN Lester and JP Jessop (eds.): Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1999. ISBN 978-1-900347-90-7 . Pp. 275-283
