Phytol

Structural formula
General
Surname	Phytol
other names	(2 E , 7 R , 11 R ) -3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol ( IUPAC ); Phytyl alcohol;
Molecular formula	C 20 H 40 O
Brief description	colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
ECHA InfoCard	100.131.435
PubChem	5280435
Wikidata	Q415945
properties
Molar mass	296.54 g · mol -1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.85 g cm −3
boiling point	202–204 ° C (13 hPa)
Vapor pressure	<0.1 h Pa (20 ° C)
solubility	almost insoluble in water; soluble in many organic solvents;
Refractive index	1.463 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 315-319-335
	P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Phytol is a diterpene - alcohol . There is the cis - and trans - isomer of phytol. As an alcoholic component it occurs in esterified form in chlorophyll . Phytol has a slightly floral smell and is also used as a fragrance . At room temperature, Phytol is a transparent to slightly yellowish liquid.

It could be isolated for the first time in 1909 by Richard Willstätter by hydrolysis of chlorophyll. In 1928 Franz Gottwalt Fischer clarified the structure of phytol.

It is used for the synthesis of vitamin E and vitamin K needed.

During diagenesis, phytol is the starting compound for the formation of pristane and phytane.

Phytol and Multiple Sclerosis

Oral administration of phytol in the feed of C57BL / 6N EAE mice (5 g phytol per kg feed) significantly reduced the clinical symptoms shown. The effect of Phytol is based, at least in part, on an interaction with the protein complex NADPH Oxidase 2.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Entry on Phytol. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on December 29, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Data sheet Phytol (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.
↑ ^a ^b ^c data sheet Phytol, 97%, mixture of isomers from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 24, 2013 ( PDF ).
↑ Entry on Phytol at chemicalland21.com, accessed on December 9, 2015.
↑ Leonard Blum, Nadja Tafferner, Ilknur Spring, Jennifer Kurz, Natasja deBruin: Dietary phytol reduces clinical symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at least partially by modulating NOX2 expression . In: Journal of Molecular Medicine . tape 96 , no. October 10 , 2018, ISSN 0946-2716 , p. 1131–1144 , doi : 10.1007 / s00109-018-1689-7 ( springer.com [accessed April 6, 2020]).

[roempp-1] Entry on Phytol. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on December 29, 2014.

[MERCK-2] Data sheet Phytol (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.

[Sigma-3] ta sheet Phytol, 97%, mixture of isomers from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 24, 2013 ( PDF ).

[4] Entry on Phytol at chemicalland21.com, accessed on December 9, 2015.

[5] Leonard Blum, Nadja Tafferner, Ilknur Spring, Jennifer Kurz, Natasja deBruin: Dietary phytol reduces clinical symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at least partially by modulating NOX2 expression . In: Journal of Molecular Medicine . tape 96 , no. October 10 , 2018, ISSN 0946-2716 , p. 1131–1144 , doi : 10.1007 / s00109-018-1689-7 ( springer.com [accessed April 6, 2020]).