Pyotr Nikolayevich Nesterov
Pyotr Nesterov ( Russian Пётр Николаевич Нестеров ., Scientific transliteration Pëtr Nikolaevič Nesterov * February 15 jul. / 27. February 1887 greg. In Nizhny Novgorod ; † August 26 jul. / 8. September 1914 greg. In Zhovkva ) was a Russian pilot and aircraft designer.
Nesterow chose a military career as the son of an instructor at the military academy. In August 1904 he left the military school in Nizhny Novgorod and went to the artillery school, which he graduated as one of the best of the year. He became a lieutenant in the Russian Army and served in the 9th East Siberian Artillery Brigade in Vladivostok .
In 1909 he came into contact with aviation when he was assigned to an aircraft manufacturer. He built his first glider and learned to fly with it. In 1911 Nesterow began his formal training as a pilot, which he completed on October 11, 1912 with the pilot's examination. A short time later he also passed the military pilot exam. In May 1913 he became leader of a squadron in Kiev , with which he also completed night flights.
Nesterow recognized the elementary interrelationships of the turning flight of aircraft, and proved that the aircraft must lie in the curve . He succeeded on August 27th July. / September 9, 1913 greg. as the first pilot to fly a loop . This achievement made him famous in Russia. He became the founder of aerobatics , but also recognized the value of these exercises for a military pilot.
Nesterow improved the flight methods and constructed new flight models that managed without rudder . Due to the outbreak of the First World War , the attempts that had been started were discontinued.
The war gave Nesterow, as a pilot in the Russian air force, the opportunity to put his air war theories to the test. In particular, when dropping bombs, he was quite precise. The machines of that time were unarmed, and so Nesterov had the dubious honor of carrying out the first self-sacrificed attack in the history of aviation. On September 8, 1914, during the battle in Galicia , he rammed his Morane-Saulnier G into the “ Albatros ” of the Austrian pilot Franz Malina with the observer Baron von Rosenthal. It is possible that Nesterow had tried to damage the enemy aircraft using only its landing gear, but it failed. Both machines crashed, pilots and observers were killed. Nesterov's remains were buried in the Lukjanivska cemetery in Kiev .
This ramming method was used successfully by several Soviet pilots during the Second World War without losing their lives.
In 1962 , the Soviet Union donated the Nesterov Cup for the best aerobatic team in honor of Nesterov .
1951 received the Ukrainian city Zhovkva , came near the Pyotr Nesterov killed in his honor the name Нестеров (Nesterov). In 1992, however, it was renamed.
In 1986 the asteroid (3071) Nesterov, discovered on March 28, 1973, was named after Pyotr Nesterov.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Luk'yanovskoye cemetery. Necropolis under TV tower on Ukrainaincognita.com , accessed April 7, 2015
- ↑ Minor Planet Circulars (MPC) 11159 September 18, 1986, last accessed October 22, 2017.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nesterow, Pyotr Nikolayevich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Pëtr Nikolaevič Nesterov; Нестеров, Пётр Николаевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian pilot and aircraft designer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 27, 1887 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Nizhny Novgorod |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 8, 1914 |
| Place of death | at Schowkwa |