Kammtang
| Kammtang | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kammtang ( Plocamium cartilagineum ), |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Plocamium cartilagineum | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) PSDixon |
The kammtang ( Plocamium cartilagineum ), also called common kammtang , is a type of red algae . It lives on the coast of the temperate zone, especially in the Northeast Atlantic and the North Sea .
description
The Kammtang forms upright, firm, elastic, carmine-red to brownish-red tufts that are 5 to 25 (rarely up to 30) cm in size. The thallus is flat, up to 2 mm wide in the lower part and narrower towards the top. The seemingly continuous main axis is made up of short sections that end with a small thorn pushed to the side. Each axis piece has three to four (rarely two or five) side branches, the top one continues the axis ( sympodial branching ). The side branches are alternately in a plane to the right or left and look like a comb on the youngest branches, which is where the kammtang can be recognized. The strength of the branching is very variable, there are strongly bushy or loosely branched specimens.
Development cycle
The different generations can be found in every season. Female gametophytes carry the spherical, up to 1 mm large cystocarpies (reproductive structures) scattered around the edges of the thallus. The tetrasporophytes form the spore containers in terminal branch clusters.
Occurrence
The kammtang is widespread on the coasts of the temperate zones. Its focus is in the Northeast Atlantic from Scandinavia to Senegal and the North Sea . It was also found in the Southeast Atlantic, Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, Pacific, Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica. According to molecular biology research, some of these are likely to be their own, as yet undescribed species. In the German Bight , the Kammtang occurs on the Heligoland rock base and in the East Frisian Wadden Sea .
The kammtang prefers coasts with strong or medium waves. It colonizes the lowest intertidal zone and the sublittoral down to a depth of about 30 meters. It grows on stones or on larger algae, for example on the stems of palm wrack ( Laminaria hyperborea ). A common species, it is often washed up on the beach in large numbers after storms.
Systematics
The first scientific description was made in 1753 by Carl von Linné under the name Fucus cartilagineus (in: Species Plantarum , p. 1161). Peter S. Dixon placed the species in 1967 in the genus Plocamium .
Synonyms of Plocamium cartilagineum (L.) PSDixon are Fucus cartilagineus L. , Gelidium cartilagineum (L.) Gaillon and the heterotypic synonyms Delesseria coccinea (Hudson) C.Agardh , Delesseria Plocamium C.Agardh , Delesseria Plocamium var. Uncinata C.Agardh , Fucus coccineus Hudson , Fucus Plocamium S.G.Gmelin , Nereidea coccinea (Hudson) Stackhouse , Plocamium angustum var. pusillum (special) Harvey , Plocamium cartilagineum var. uncinatum (C.Agardh) Guiry ex Benhissoune et al. , Plocamium cartilagineum var. Uncinatum (C.Agardh) MJWynne , Plocamium coccineum Lyngbye , Plocamium coccineum f. binderianum (Kützing) Hauck , Plocamium coccineum var. subtle Lyngbye , Plocamium coccineum var. subtle Kützing , Plocamium coccineum var. uncinatum ( C. Agardh ) J. Agardh , Plocamium coccineum f. uncinatum (C.Agardh) J.Agardh , Plocamium pusillum special , Plocamium subtle Kiitzing , Plocamium uncinatum (C.Agardh) Kiitzing and Plocamium vulgare J.V.Lamouroux .
use
In the ancient Roman Empire , the red dye of the kammtang was used for cosmetic purposes.
Today the alga is used economically to produce agar . In Brittany and on the west coast of North America, kammtang is harvested by divers. The algae are dried, then boiled, the brew is filtered and dried in the sun.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Michael Guiry: The Seaweed Site: information on marine algae: Plocamium cartilagineum , accessed on November 5, 2015.
- ↑ a b c d Wolfram Braune: Marine algae. A color guide to the common benthic green, brown and red algae of the world's oceans . Ruggell: Gantner, 2008, ISBN 978-3-906166-69-8 , pp. 418-419.
- ↑ P. Kornmann, PH Sahling: Sea algae from Helgoland - Benthic green, brown and red algae. Biological Institute Helgoland, Hamburg 1983, ISSN 0017-9957 , pp. 194-196.
- ↑ a b c d Michael D. Guiry in Michael D. Guiry, GM Guiry: Plocamium cartilagineum - In: Algaebase - World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, accessed November 5, 2015.
- ↑ Dirk Schories, Uwe Selig, Hendrik Schubert: Species and synonym list of the German marine macroalgae based on historical and recent records (list of species and synomes of macroalgae in German coastal waters - evaluation of historical and recent findings) . In: Rostock. Marine biologist Contribution ., Issue 21, 2009, p. 89. PDF file
- ↑ Seaweed Industry Association - Plocamium cartilagineum ( Memento of the original from September 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 5, 2015.
