Polikarpov PM-1
| Polikarpov PM-1 (P-2) | |
|---|---|
| Type: | Airliner |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: |
GAS No. 1 |
| First flight: |
June 10, 1925 |
| Commissioning: |
1925 |
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Polikarpow PM-1 ( Russian Поликарпов ПМ-1 ) or P-2 (П-2) is the name for a five-seat passenger aircraft. It arose out of the necessity to develop a separate type for the Soviet airlines newly opened in 1924 in order to replace the foreign models in service at the time.
development
Alexander Semjonow began construction work in 1925 under the direction of Nikolai Polikarpow . After a very short, three-month construction phase, A. Zhukov began flight tests on the prototype on June 10, 1925. This was successfully completed and ten copies were commissioned by Deruluft . It was intended to be used on the Moscow - Leningrad , Moscow - Yegorovsk and, from 1926, Moscow - Berlin routes .
The model received the air traffic license on July 26, 1925 and it then carried out a flight from Moscow to Leningrad. It is not certain whether and how many PM-1s were built, since after the emergency landing of the prototype in 1926 near Kaliningrad on the Moscow-Berlin route due to engine failure, most of the orders were canceled.
The PM-1 was a plywood construction in shell construction with an oval fuselage cross-section. The pilots sat in an open cockpit on the leading edge of the wing, while the passengers found space in a closed cabin with two windows on each side.
The structure consisted of a wooden frame covered with fabric and was designed in a one and a half decker configuration . The upper and lower wings were connected to each other with an I-post on each side and were additionally braced. The wheels of the rigid main landing gear were connected to one another by an axle, and there was a grinding spur at the stern.
The designation PM-1 refers to the use as P assagierflugzeug (Passaschirski, Russian Пассажирский ) and the drive, a M aybach engine.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| Constructor (s) | Alexander Semjonow (project planning) Nikolai Polikarpow (technical implementation) |
| Manufacturer | State Aircraft Plant (GAS) No. 1 Moscow |
| Year of construction (s) | 1925 |
| crew | 2 |
| Passengers | 5 |
| length | 11.00 m |
| Wingspan | 15.54 m |
| Wing area | 38.50 m² |
| Preparation mass | 1380 kg |
| Payload | 980 kg |
| payload | 540 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 2360 kg |
| Wing loading | 61.5 kg / m² |
| Power load | 9.1 kg / hp |
| drive | a liquid-cooled 6-cylinder in- line Maybach IVa engine |
| power | 194 kW (approx. 260 hp) |
| Fuel volume | 440 kg |
| Top speed | 180 km / h near the ground 150 km / h at 3000 m altitude |
| Landing speed | 90 km / h |
| Rise time | 8 min at 1000 m altitude |
| Climb performance | 1.6 m / s |
| Service ceiling | 4100 m |
| Max. Range | 1200 km |
| Flight duration | 7 h |
See also
literature
- Vadim B. Schawrow: On the history of Soviet aircraft construction. Test constructions 1923 to 1925 (3) . In: Aviator Calendar of the GDR 1978 . Military Publishing House , Berlin 1977, p. 162-164 .
- Heinz AF Schmidt: Soviet planes . Transpress, Berlin 1971, p. 60 .
- Heinz AF Schmidt: Historical Airplanes Part II . Transpress, Berlin 1970, p. 143 .
Web links
- History and Photos (Russian)