Pometia pinnata
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Pometia pinnata is a tree in the soap tree family from India , Sri Lanka to Southeast Asia , from Myanmar , Thailand to New Guinea and Polynesia . It is one of only two species in the genus Pometia .
description
Pometia pinnata grows as a fast-growing, evergreen tree up to 40 meters or more high. The trunk diameter reaches up to over 1 meter. Buttress roots that are meter high and wide are often formed. The tree carries a reddish gum , exudate .
The short-stalked to (almost) sessile, long leaves are pinnate in pairs with 5–11 (15) pairs of almost opposite, short-stalked and slightly leathery leaflets . The leaves are up to 1–1.5 meters long with a petiole and the rachis and petiole are slightly hairy. The first pair of leaflets is reduced in size, like a stipule, sometimes encompassing a stem, with rounded leaflets. The subsequent, at the edge more or less serrated to convex or serrated and pointed to acuminate, ovate to obscure or oblong leaflets are 12–37 centimeters long. The veins are pinnate and imprinted on the upper side. The young leaves are reddish. The leaflets are usually glabrous.
Pometia pinnata is incorrectly polygamous , i.e. here with functionally unisexual flowers on one specimen. Mixed-flowered, upright to pendulous, terminal or axillary, more or less hairy and very long (30–60 (70) centimeters) thyrses with thick, stiff rachis are formed. The stalked, very small flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The slightly hairy, greenish sepals are only 1–2 millimeters long and about half of them are cup-shaped with small tips. The mostly somewhat larger, whitish or green-yellowish petals are obovate. There are 5 protruding stamens , with stamens slightly hairy in the lower part and red or yellow anthers or staminodes with anthers. There is a short hairy, two-chambered and upper ovary with a short hairy, relatively short stylus or a pestle, each on a fleshy, lobed discus .
The bare, yellowish to red or dark brown to violet, single-seeded and non-opening, roundish to ellipsoidal fruits are about 2.5-4.5 centimeters in size. The shell is more or less thick and the mesocarp is hard and fleshy. The up to 2.5 cm large, ellipsoidal seed is encased in a yellow-whitish to pink-colored, gelatinous and slightly translucent aril .
use
The rambutan- like fruits are edible. The oil-containing seeds can be eaten cooked or roasted.
The medium-heavy, -hard wood is not very durable and difficult to treat. It is known as a kasai .
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1776 by Johann Reinhold and Georg Forster in Characteres Generum Plantarum: 110, Tab. LV. Many synonyms are known.
literature
- M. Jacobs: Pometia a Study of Variability. In: Reinwardtia. Vol 6, No 2, 1962, pp. 109-144, online (PDF).
- K. Kubitzki : The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. X: Flowering Plants Eudicots , Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-642-14396-0 , pp. 371, 398.
- J. Gérard, D. Guibal, S. Paradis, J.-C. Cerre: Tropical Timber Atlas. Éditions Quæ, 2017, ISBN 978-2-7592-2798-3 , p. 462 ff, limited preview in the Google book search.
- Craig R. Elevitch: Traditional Trees of Pacific Islands. PAR, 2006, ISBN 0-9702544-5-8 , pp. 591-606, excerpt (PDF), from Ras Kisimani Eco Lodge.
- TK Lim: Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants. Volume 6: Fruits , Springer, 2013, ISBN 978-94-007-5627-4 , pp. 92–96.
Web links
- Pometia pinnata at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Pometia pinnata in the Flora of China, Vol. 12.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pometia pinnata at KEW Science.