First cast of the Glyndebourne Festival 1934 to 1940
The first line- ups of the Glyndebourne Festival from 1934 to 1940 include all new productions of the Glyndebourne Festival from 1934 to 1940. The festival was founded by the conductor Fritz Busch and the actor and director Carl Ebert , who both left Germany due to Nazi cultural policy . Both were convinced anti-National Socialists and positioned the festival as a place of internationality and humanity. This period of the festival ended after the outbreak of the Second World War .
Fritz Busch emigrated to the United States, and the festival was not able to resume until 1946. Busch returned to Glyndebourne in 1950, but died in September of the following year.
1934
| conductor | Direction, equipment | singers | Singer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Così fan tutte by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Hamish Wilson , Ann Litherland |
Ina Souez Fiordiligi Luise Helletsgruber Dorabella Irene Eisinger Despina |
Heddle Nash Ferrando Willi Domgraf-Fassbaender Guglielmo Vincenzo Bettoni Don Alfonso |
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| Le nozze di Figaro by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Hamish Wilson , Ann Litherland |
Audrey Mildmay Susanna Aulikki Rautawaara Contessa Almaviva Luise Helletsgruber , Lucie Manén Cherubino Constance Willis Marcellina Winifred Radford Barbarina |
Willi Domgraf-Fassbaender Figaro Roy Henderson Conte Almaviva Norman Allin Bartolo Heddle Nash Don Basilio Fergus Dunlop Antonio Morgan Jones Don Curzio |
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1935
| conductor | Direction, equipment | singers | Singer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Abduction from the Seraglio by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Hamish Wilson , Ann Litherland |
Noel Eadie Konstanze Irene Eisinger Blonde |
Walther Ludwig Belmonte Heddle Nash Pedrillo Ivar Andrésen Osmin Carl Ebert Bassa Selim |
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| The Magic Flute by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Hamish Wilson |
Aulikki Rautawaara Pamina Mìla Kočová / Noel Eadie Queen of the Night Luise Helletsgruber First Lady Soffi Schonning Second Lady Betsy de la Porte Third Lady Irene Eisinger Papagena Winifred Radford , Jean Beckwith , Molly Mitchell Three boys |
Walther Ludwig Tamino Willi Domgraf-Fassbaender Papageno Ivar Andrésen Sarastro Edwin Ziegler Monostatos John Brownlee , Carl Ebert Spokesman Morgan Jones , Gerald Kassen Priest, Armored Person |
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1936
| conductor | Direction, equipment | singers | Singer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Don Giovanni by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Hamish Wilson , Hein Heckroth |
Ina Souez Donna Anna Luise Helletsgruber Donna Elvira Audrey Mildmay Zerlina |
John Brownlee Don Giovanni Salvatore Baccaloni Leporello Koloman by Pataky Don Ottavio David Franklin Comtur Roy Henderson Masetto |
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1938
| conductor | Direction, equipment | singers | Singer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macbeth by Giuseppe Verdi | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Caspar Neher |
Vera Black Lady Macbeth Elizabeth Abercrombie Gentlewoman |
Francesco Valentino Macbeth David Lloyd Macduff David Franklin Banquo Eric Starling Malcolm Fergus Dunlop A Doctor Cuthbert Matthews A Servant Robert Rowell A Murderer |
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| Don Pasquale by Gaetano Donizetti | ||||||||
| Fritz Busch |
Carl Ebert Hamish Wilson , Kenneth Green |
Audrey Mildmay Norina |
Salvatore Baccaloni Pasquale Dino Borgioli Ernesto Mariano Stabile Malatesta Fergus Dunlop Notary |
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1940
This production was not shown in Glyndebourne itself, but as a wartime tour in some English opera houses.
| conductor | Direction, equipment | singers | Singer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Beggar's Opera by Johann Christoph Pepusch | ||||||||
|
Frederic Austin Anthony Bernard Michael Mudie |
John Gielgud Motley Theater Design Group |
Audrey Mildmay / Irene Eisinger Polly Constance Willis / Elsie French Mrs. Peachum Linda Gray Luca |
Michael Redgrave Macheath Roy Henderson Peachum Joseph Farrington Lockit |
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Resumptions
Cast changes for the resumption:
-
So fan tutte :
- 1935 : John Brownlee Don Alfonso . 1936 : Roy Henderson Guglielmo , Tatiana Menotti Despina and again Brownlee as Don Alfonso. 1937 : Again the original line-up, but alternating with Salvatore Baccaloni and Brownlee as Don Alfonso. 1938 : With Henderson and Brownlee. 1939 : First Risë Stevens as Dorabella and Gino del Signore as Ferrando.
-
Le nozze di Figaro :
- 1935 : Hans Oppenheim conductor, alternating with Fritz Busch. 1936 : Mariano Stabile Figaro , John Brownlee Conte Almaviva . 1937 : Irene Eisinger Susanna , Marita Farell Cherubino . 1938 : No new appointments. 1939 : Alberto Erede conductor, alternating with Fritz Busch, Maria Markan Contessa Almaviva .
-
The Abduction from the Seraglio :
- 1936 : Julia Moor Konstanze , Irma Beilke Blonde , Koloman von Pataky Belmonte , Salvatore Baccaloni Osmin . 1937 : Margherita Perras Konstanze , Eric Starling Belmonte , Herbert Alsen Osmin .
-
The Magic Flute :
- 1936 : Hans Oppenheim conductor, alternating with Fritz Busch, Julia Moor Queen of the Night (alternating with Noel Eadie) , Thorkild Noval Tamino , Roy Henderson Papageno , Alexander Kipnis Sarastro . 1937 : Sinäda Lissitschkina Queen of the Night , Herbert Alsen and David Franklin Sarastro .
-
Don Giovanni :
- 1937 : Dino Borgioli Don Ottavio . 1938 : Alberto Erede conductor, alternating with Fritz Busch. 1939 : Hella Toros Donna Elvira , David Lloyd Don Ottavio (alternating with Dino Borgioli) .
-
Don Pasquale :
- 1939 : Luigi Fort Ernesto
Audio documents
- Mozart: Così fan tutte , with Ina Souez (Fiordiligi), Luise Helletsgruber (Dorabella), Irene Eisinger (Despina), Heddle Nash (Ferrando), Willi Domgraf-Fassbaender (Guglielmo), John Brownlee (Alfonso). Glyndebourne Festival Orchestra , conductor: Fritz Busch . First complete recording of this opera, 1935. Naxos 8.110280-81. (Remastered Version, 2004)
- Mozart: Don Giovanni , with John Brownlee (Don Giovanni), Salvatore Baccaloni (Leporello), Ina Souez (Donna Anna), Koloman von Pataky (Don Ottavio), Luise Helletsgruber (Donna Elvira), Audrey Mildmay (Zerlina), Roy Henderson ( Masetto), David Franklin (Commendatore). Glyndebourne Festival Orchestra , conductor: Fritz Busch . First full studio recording of this opera, 1936. His Master's Voice , later also RCA Victor , Turnabout TV-4117-4119, reissued in 1989, Pearl GEMM CDS-9369 and Naxos 8.110135-37.
- Mozart: Le nozze di Figaro , with Audrey Mildmay (Susanna), Aulikki Rautawaara (Contessa Almaviva), Luise Helletsgruber (Cherubino), Constance Willis (Marcellina), (unknown) Barbarina , Willi Domgraf-Fassbaender (Figaro), Roy Henderson (Conte Almaviva), Norman Allin (Bartolo), Heddle Nash (Don Basilio). Glyndebourne Festival Orchestra , conductor: Fritz Busch . 1934-35. Turnabout TV-4114-4116, reissued in 1981, Turnabout Historical Series THS 65081-83, in 1989, Pearl GEMM CDS-9375, and Naxos (2002) 8.110186-87.
source
- Glyndebourne Performance Archive , official website
literature
- John Julius Norwich: Fifty Years of Glyndebourne , London: Jonathan Cape 1985, ISBN 0-224-02310-1
- Bernhard Dopheide: Fritz Busch: His life u. Working in Germany with e. Outlook on d. Time s. Emigration , Volume 7 of the Contributions to Westphalian Music History 1970
See also
Web links
Commons : Glyndebourne - collection of images, videos and audio files
