The following list of Latin-German kinship names contains names that can be found in sources from antiquity up to the Middle Ages , in church registers even up to the French Revolution . It should be taken into account that the terms are blurred , especially in the classical era, and the accuracy of the information in the sources is sometimes doubtful.
more generally: ancestors, relatives, but also: founder, founder, in the singular ( parens ) also mother or father
avus
grandfather
more general: ahn, especially in the plural avi = ancestors
avia
grandmother
also ava
proavus
Great grandfather
abavus = great-great-grandfather
proavia
Great grandmother
abavia = great-great-grandmother
progeny
Latin
German
Remarks
liberi
children
filius
son
in the plural also filii = children; also z. E.g .: filius legitimus = legitimate (legitimate) son, filius naturalis = illegitimate son (and legitimatio per matrimonium subsequens = legitimation through subsequent marriage), filius inventus and filius expositus = foundling;
filia
daughter
also z. E.g .: filia hospitalis = house daughter , filia relicta = surviving daughter
infans
(small) child
Infant : on the Iberian Peninsula, title of the King's children from the 13th century
more generally: descendant; for a more precise description: nepos ex filia = grandson as son of daughter, nepos ex filio = grandson as son of son, nepos ex fratre = nephew as son of brother, nepos ex sorore = nephew as son of sister; also: cousins of various degrees and thus a general term for relatives
neptis
Granddaughter, niece
further designations analogous to nepos
pronepos
Great-grandchildren, great-nephew
pronepos ex fratre = grandson of the brother, pronepos ex sorore = grandson of the sister
proneptis
Great-granddaughter, great-niece
further names analogous to pronepos
Descending sideline
Latin
German
Remarks
frater
Brothers
frater carnalis = frater germanus = biological brother, frater geminus = frater gemellus = twin brother; frater ex patre = (half) brother from the father, frater uterinus = half-brother through the mother; in a broader sense: sibling, cousin; also: monk, thus brother of a spiritual order, frater conscriptus = ascribed brother, a layman who is accepted as a confrere in a monastery, but remains in the secular state; frater conventus de domo = canon, canon , member of a cathedral chapter; Member of a cooperative , guild , guild
soror
sister
soror germana = biological sister, soror gemina = twin sister, soror uterina = half-sister through the mother, sororis filia = daughter of the sister, sororis filius = son of the sister; sorores patrueles = daughters of two brothers; also: sibling, sister-in-law; also: nun
patrueles
Siblings whose fathers are brothers
patrueles fratres = siblings whose fathers are brothers, patrueles sorores = siblings whose fathers are brothers
consobrini
Siblings whose mothers are sisters
also: siblings in general, including patrueles and amitini
amitini
Siblings, when the father of one and the mother of the other are siblings
also: nieces and nephews
amitini magni
Siblings
also: great nieces, great nephews, people related by their grandparents
Ascending sideline
Latin
German
Remarks
patruus
Uncle (father brother)
patruus magnus = grandfather brother (great-uncle), patruus maior (post-classical) = propatruus = brother of the great-grandfather, patruus maximus = abpatruus = brother of the great-great-grandfather
amita
Aunt (father sister)
amita magna = grandfather sister (great aunt), amita maior (post-classical) = proamita = sister of the (paternal) great-grandfather, amita maxima = sister of the (paternal) great-great-grandfather
avunculus
Uncle (mother brother)
obsolete: uncle , also: uncle as husband of mother's sister; in the Middle Ages also brother of father or cousin of father or mother; avunculus magnus = grandmother's brother , avunculus maior (post-classical) = proavunculus , avunculus maximus = abavunculus = brother of the great-grandmother
matertera
Aunt (mother sister)
date: aunt , matertera magna = grandmother's sister (great aunt), matertera maior = promatertera , matertera maxima = abmatertera = sister of the great-grandmother (also sister of the great-grandmother)
propatruus
Brother of the great grandfather
also: brother of the grandfather, post-classical: patruus maior
proavunculus
Brother of the great grandmother
also: brother of the grandmother, post-classical: avunculus maior
proamita
Sister of the great grandfather
also: grandfather's sister, post-classical: amita maior
promatertera
Sister of the great grandmother
also: grandmother's sister, post-classical: matertera maior
Marriage, brotherhood etc.
Latin
German
Remarks
coniux, coniunx
Husband, wife
coniugium = matrimonium = marriage, but also: copulati sunt = to be connected
maritus
husband
uxor, marita
wife
de iure uxoris = from the right of the wife, related to the husband as the holder of a title
socer
father in law
socer magnus = father of the father-in-law or mother-in-law etc .; as plural soceri = in-laws
socrus
mother-in-law
socrus magna = mother of the father-in-law or mother-in-law etc.
gener
son in law
outdated: Eidam, but also brother-in-law, cousin, relative
nurus
daughter in law
general: young woman, pronurus = wife of the grandson