Prosper Tiro of Aquitaine

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Prosper Tiro of Aquitaine (* around 390 near Limoges , † after 455 in Rome ) was a late antique writer and a saint in the 5th century. He was also the clerk of Pope Leo I's office .

Life

Little is known about Prosper Tiros ancestry and origins, but he had a good education and was married. Around 426 he lived for some time as a lay brother in Marseille . Before entering the monastery, he asked his wife to dedicate her life to God. Together with his friend Hilarius , he wrote Augustine to Africa about the semi-Pelagian views in the monasteries of southern Gaul, which drove Augustine to publish more writings. Prosper Tiro vigorously opposed semi- Pelagianism. Around 431 he traveled to Pope Celestine I in Rome in order to obtain support from him in defending Augustine's teachings against the Semipelagians. He coined the anti-Pelagian axiom Lex orandi, lex credendi .

In the later years Prosper Tiro turned away from the strict Augustinian doctrine and adopted a more moderate attitude. From the year 440 he was employed as a clerk and advisor in dogmatic questions at the papal chancellery. On the one hand he was involved in the correspondence of Pope Leo I, for example in the dogma-historically significant Tomus ad Flavianum of 449, on the other hand he also wrote other personal works. Prosper Tiro wrote a world chronicle that goes back to 455 and contains not unimportant information. There are continuations ( Auctarium ad Prosperi Havniensis ) and additions ( Additamenta ad Prosperi Havniensis ) to this chronicle from the 7th century .

Works (selection)

  • Capitua Caelestiana
  • Carmen de ingratis
  • De gratia Dei et libero arbitrium contra collatorem
  • De vocatione omnium gentium. Revision of Augustine's teaching on predestination
  • Epistulae
  • Epitaphium Nestorianae et Pelagianae haereseon. Ironic confrontation with Nestorianism and Pelagianism
  • Exposito Psalmorum
  • Liber sententiarum ex operibus
  • Epigrammata
  • Liber epigrammatum ex sententiis sancti Augustini
  • Epigrammatum ad Flavianum collaboration with Pope Leo I.
  • Epitoma chronicorum . A world chronicle in which Prosper Tiro initially followed the chronicle of Hieronymus and which goes back to 455. From the year 412 it contains own experiences.
  • Poema conjugis ad uxorem. Invitation to his wife to dedicate her life to God.
  • Pro Augustino responsiones ad excerpta Genuesium
  • Responsiones ad capitula Gallorum
  • Responsiones ad capitula obiectionum Vincentianarum
  • Liber sententiarum

expenditure

Adoration

Prosper Tiro, to whom the Church of St. Prosper (Gehlenberg) is dedicated, is the patron saint of poets . His Protestant and Roman Catholic memorial day is June 25th.

In 1676, a Prosper was established as the city patron of Erding with the transfer of the remains of a catacomb saint to the parish church of St. Johann (Erding) . He is not identical to Prosper Tiro. In the public consciousness, however, he only plays a role there as the namesake for the Lent St. Prosper strong beer .

literature

  • Alexander Yoon Hwang: Prosper of Aquitaine: A Study of His Life and Works . Washington 2009
  • Steven Muhlberger: The Fifth-Century Chroniclers: Prosper, Hydatius, and the Gallic Chronicler of 452 . Leeds 1990
  • Gereon Becht-Jördens: And this one arouses hearts with Campanian grass .... To the epigrams of Prosper Tiro of Aquitaine against Pelagians, Nestorians and Semipelagians . In: Manuel Baumbach et al. (Ed.): Mousoppolos Stephanos. Festschrift for Herwig Görgemanns . ( Library of Classical Classical Studies NF, 2nd row, 102). University Press C. Winter, Heidelberg 1998 ISBN 3-8253-0748-4 , pp. 278-308

Web links

  • Works at Documenta Catholica Omnia

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Edited by Theodor Mommsen (Ed.): Chronica minora saec. IV.V.Vi.VII . MGH Auct. Ant. 9. Berlin 1892; dmgh.de . See, for example, Friedrich Anders: Flavius ​​Ricimer. Power and impotence of the western Roman army master in the second half of the 5th century (= European university publications. Series 3: History and its auxiliary sciences. Vol. 1077). Lang, Frankfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-631-61264-4 (also: Humboldt University , dissertation, 2009), pp. 33 and 525.
personal data
SURNAME Prosper Tiro of Aquitaine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Writer and saint
DATE OF BIRTH at 390
PLACE OF BIRTH near Limoges , France
DATE OF DEATH after 455
Place of death Rome