Psalmopoeus
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| Pocock , 1885 |
Psalmopoeus (translated as "Psalm poet", in German individual species are sometimes called "ornamental tarantulas ") is a genus of tarantulas (Theraphosidae). It was established in 1895 by Pocock based on the species Psalmopoeus cambridgei . They got the trivial name "psalm poet" from their lyre-shaped stridulation organ , with which they can make "music". So far, tentypes of Psalmopoeus have been described (as of April 2016).
distribution
The distribution of the genus extends from Mexico (provinces of Campeche and Chiapas ), over Belize and the West Indies to the north of South America ( Venezuela , Colombia and Ecuador ).
Way of life
Representatives of the genus Psalmopoeus are usually assigned to the so-called tree bird spiders due to their physique . However, they are quite opportunistic when it comes to their choice of hiding place and are sometimes found near the ground, e.g. B. found between the roots of fallen trees or in road embankments. They often camouflage their spine tubes with substrate or plant parts.
In good food supply, the build female of some species (eg. B. psalmopoeus cambridgei . Psalmopoeus irminia , Psalmopoeus pulcher often) a second, partly also a third cocoon within a molting cycle. However, significantly fewer young animals usually hatch from the second and third cocoons.
Taxonomy
The classification is controversial. Robert J. Raven placed the genus Psalmopoeus in the subfamily Selenocosmiinae as early as 1985. The German biologist and tarantula systematist Günter EW Schmidt placed them in 2008 together with Tapinauchenius in a new subfamily Sinurticantinae, which was renamed Psalmopoeinae in 2010 for nomenclature reasons.
species
The World Spider Catalog currently lists ten species for the genus Psalmopoeus . (As of April 2016)
- Psalmopoeus cambridgei Pocock , 1895 - Trinidad
- Psalmopoeus ecclesiasticus Pocock , 1903 - Ecuador
- Psalmopoeus emeraldus Pocock , 1903 - Colombia
- Psalmopoeus intermedius Chamberlin , 1940 - Panama
- Psalmopoeus irminia Saager , 1994 - Venezuela
- Psalmopoeus langbucheri Schmidt , Bullmer & Thierer-Lutz , 2006 - Venezuela
- Psalmopoeus plantaris Pocock , 1903 - Colombia
- Psalmopoeus pulcher Petrunkevitch , 1925 - Panama
- Psalmopoeus reduncus ( Karsch , 1880) - Central America (Belize to Panama)
- Psalmopoeus victori Mendoza , 2014 - Mexico
Web links
Psalmopoeus in the World Spider Catalog
- German Arachnological Society V. - Association that looks after the research and transmission of information on tarantulas (publication organ : ARACHNE - ISSN 1613-2688 )
literature
- Günther Schmidt : Die Vogelspinnen , Westarp Wissenschaften-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Hohenwarsleben 2003, ISBN 3-89432-899-1 , p. 38 and p. 197-206
- Auer, H.-W. (2003): A few thoughts on the genus Psalmopoeus, especially on the species Psalmopoeus pulcher PETRUNKEVITCH, 1925 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Selenocosmiinae). DeArGe notifications 8 (1): 4-10.
- Gamache, M. & A. Gollaway (2006): Excursion to Trinidad: Psalmopoeus cambridgei POCOCK, 1895 in the wild. ARACHNE 11 (3): 22-26.
- Müller, S. (1991): Tarantula fishing on Trinidad and Tobago (West Indies). Arachnol. Number 10: 9-11.
- Pocock, RI (1895): On a New and Natural Grouping of some of the Oriental Genera of Mygalomorphae, with Descriptions of new Genera and Species. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 15 (6): 165-184, Pl. X.
- Raven, Robert J. (1985): The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 182: 1-180.
- Saager, F. (1994): Psalmopoeus irminia sp. n., description of a new Aviculariinae (Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae, genus Psalmopeous) including a comparison with Psalmopoeus cambridgei . Arthropoda 2 (4): 59-71.
- Striffler, B. , et al. (2003): South American Tree Dwellers: Avicularia, Tapinauchenius & Psalmopoeus. DRACO 4 (16): 37-50.
- Valerio, CE (1979): Aranas terafosidas de Costa Rica (Araneae, Theraphosidae). II. Psalmopoeus reduncus, redescription, distribution y el problema de dispersion en terafosidas. Rev. Biol. Trop. 27 (2): 301-308.
- West, RC (1982): Tarantulas from Trinidad and Tobago. Naturalist 4: 43-56.
- West, RC (2005): The tarantulas from French Guyana. ARACHNE 10 (2): 4-13.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 17.0 - Psalmopoeus . Retrieved April 25, 2016.
- ^ R. Samm, Günter Schmidt: Psalmopoeinae subfamilia nov. - a new subfamily of the Theraphosidae (Araneae) . TOW - 142, pp. 35-41, July 2010
- ↑ AMNH Scientific Publications Library: Item 2246/955